Other participant: Rosian Vanbrakel

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INTRODUCTION

This trip covers a 23 days trip to Southeast Brazil and was a combination of bird watching and holiday because I was accompanied by my girlfriend Rosian.  Southeast Brazil is famous for its many endemic bird species in the remains of the Atlantic Rainforest belt.  This broad zone consists of lowland, hills and mountains, and we visited sites in all of these sub zones (see itinerary).  Neither did I have the intention to write a true “trip report’, as good descriptions has been made available by many others (see references).

Everything was cheap in Brazil, because the value of the Real has fallen considerably in the last year!

All in all, this is a rather ideal birding destination; the only two drawbacks are the language and the lack of a true field guide.

I managed to see 348 species in this rather short time, 60 species seen are endemic to Brazil and no less than 41 species seen are classified as threatened birds by Birdlife International!

FLIGHT AND VISA

We flew from Brussels to Sâo Paulo via Milan with Alitalia for €779,44 return, taxes included.  The flights were punctual and trouble free.  The departure tax was included in the ticket price.

Be sure to reconfirm your return flight at least 72 hours before departure.

No visa is required for EU-citizens.

MONEY

The Brazilian currency is the Real.

During our stay, the exchange rate was as follows:

1 US$ = 2,85 R$ (Sâo Paulo Int. Airport).

All major credit cards are accepted.

MISCELLANEOUS

Permits and/or permission to enter most parks are officially required .

All the National Parks charge an entry fee, we had to pay as follows: 5 R$ for the car and 3 R$ per person at Itatiaia NP.  Same rate at Serra dos Orgâos NP.  3 R$ per person/day at Serra da Canastra NP.

Another good thing to know is when you want to call home cheaply; you can buy different international telephone cards.  With the cheapest one of R$ 40 you can call about 15 minutes.

TRANSPORT

At Sâo Paulo International Airport, we rented a car (Fiat Palio Fire) from Localiza for R$ 1581,92 (€540,45) for 21 days (including all taxes, assurances and unlimited mileage).  In general all the roads we travelled on, except at Serra de Canastra NP, were in good condition.

Cars drive on the right.  Petrol was around R$ 1,95 per litre.

ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD

In most towns you will find a variety of restaurants, supermarkets and food-stalls.  Food was excellent, generally fine and inexpensive.  Drinks can be found anywhere.  Accommodation can be find everywhere in all different price classes.  For more details about the accommodation, see useful addresses.

LANGUAGE

Portuguese is almost all you’ll hear off the beaten path.  With very few exceptions Brazil is a country were English is not spoken widely and very little Spanish, so at least a rudimentary command of Portuguese or a Portuguese dictionary will be helpful.

WEATHER

The best time to go to southeast Brazil is between September and November as this coincides with the Austral Spring and more birds are calling.  But, July and August are also good months (normally cooler in the south-eastern coastline) and is probably the best time of the year to see Brazilian Mergansers at the lower parts of Serra de Canastra NP.  Most of the time during our stay the weather was good, with temperatures of circa 25° C. on the coast and up to 30° C. more inland at Serra do Cipo and Canastra.

We hit some rain on the coast and at Itatiaca NP, but had great weather inland.  Daylight hours were generally 06:15 – 17:45.

TIME ZONE

GMT minus 5 hours.

USEFUL ADDRESSES

ITINERARY

26/7/2002
Flight Brussels-Milan and Milan-Sâo Paulo with Alitalia.  Arrived after a long flight (circa 11 hrs) and collecting luggage, hired a car at Localiza and did the 3 hour drive to Ubatuba.  After a little searching we booked a room for 5 nights in the Recanto das Toninhas.

27/7/2002
Ubatuba-Cordovado trail (7:00 till 9:30) and Folha Seca (11:00 till 14:30).

28/7/2002
Ubatuba-Folha Seca (7:30 till 11:30) and Farenda Capricornio (14:30 till 16:00).

29/7/2002
Farenda Capricornio (7:30 till 11:30) and Folha Seca (15:20 till 17:30).

30/7/2002
Again Folha Seca (7:15 till 11:00) and a second visit in the afternoon (16:00 till 17:00)

31/7/2002
Last visit to Folha Seca (7:30 till 10:50).  Leave early afternoon for Angra dos Reis with a quick and successful stop at the Black-hooded Antwrensite (16:00 till 16:40).  Night in the Angra Inn at Angra das Reis.

1/8/2002
Another visit to the Antwrensite (7:30 till 9:10).  After breakfast start to Itatiaia NP with a few roadside stops.  Check-in at the nice Hotel do Ypê for a 3 nights stay.  Rest of the afternoon birding around the hotel with some good flocks!  (14:30 till 17:00).

2/8/2002
Itatiaia NP – start birding around the hotel and later the feeders at Hotel Sima (7:00 till 9:00), then the lower parts of the Tres Picos trail (9:00 till 13:00), a brief visit to the feeders at the chocolate store and finally the Maromba trail (15:00 till 17:00).  Not a very productive day because rain and foggy till 15:30!

3/8/2002
Again a foggy morning, birding on the Tres Picos trail up till the waterfall (7:15 till 15:15) and also the “bamboo” trail to Hotel Conopuô.  Heavy rains from 16:00 on!

4/8/2002
Get up early for a visit to the Alguas Negras Road on the higher parts of the National Park (7:30 till 15:00) luckily enough good weather today!  Towards Rio de Janeiro where we stayed in Le Meridien at the Copacabane beach.  A few days of rest for my girlfriend Rosian!

5/8/2002
A non-birding day at the Copacabana.

6/8/2002
I drove along to the North for Restinga Antwren at the well-known Macambaba road (7:30 till 10:00).  In the afternoon we visited the Corcovado.

7/8/2002
Leave Rio around noon for a 2 hours drive inland to Teresépolis.  Night at Pousada Chamonix.

8/8/2002
Birding on the Pedro do Sino trail (8:00 till 16:00) at Serra dos Orgãos NP.

9/8/2002
Today we had a long journey to Serra do Cipo NP with stops at the Sumidouro Road (9:30 till 11:00) and at Carmo (11:30 till 13:00).  We arrived around 21:00.  A 2 nights stay at the pleasant Pousada Chão da Serra.

REFERENCES

Birdlife International (2000): Threatened Birds of the World.

Carol Foil.  Brazil-Rio de Janeiro: Day trip, mid-June 2001.

Field Guides (Bred Whitney & John Coons) Birds recorded on the South-eastern Brazil Tour, October 13-6 November, 2000.

Field Guides (Bred Whitney & John Rowlett) Birds recorded on the South-eastern Brazil Tour, September 26-19 October, 1991.

Field Guides (John Rowlett & Rose Ann Rowlett) Birds recorded on the South-eastern Brazil Tour, October 22 to 15 November, 1999.

Garry George.  Brazil-Southeast: 22 August-13 September 2001.

Ian Hornbuchle.  Birding in Eastern Brazil 1995.

James F. Clements: Birds of the world.  A check list, (Fifth Edition 2000)

Jan Vermeulen.  South-eastern Brazil 14-26 July 2001.

Jeremy Minns: Detailed notes about birding sites in South-East and Central Brazil.

John van der Woude.  Birding trip report South-East Brazil, October/November 2001.

Larry Cardella.  South-eastern Brazil: 18-31 October 2001.

Luciano M. Lima.  Checklist of the Birds of Itatiaia.

Mark Lockwood.  Brazil-Southeast: 10-16 November 2001.

Martin R. de La Pêna and Maurice Rumboll.  Birds of Southern South America and Antarctica (Collins Illustrated Checklist).

Robert S. Ridgely and Guy Tudor.  The Birds of South America, Volume I.  The Oscine Passerines.

Robert S. Ridgely and Guy Tudor.  The Birds of South America, Volume II.  The Suboscine Passerines.

Ron Hoff.  Brazil-Southeast: 21 October-11 November 2000.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Many thanks to Mark Van Beirs for providing some good tapes and information.  Without his help this trip was surely less productive!

ANNOTATED BIRD LIST
Used abbreviations:

AN = Algulhas Negras Road (Itatiaia National Park)
AR = Argro dos Reis area.
Ca = Carmo site.
ITA = Itanhaém site.
It = Itatiaia National Park.
Ma = Maçambaba Road.
SCa = Serra da Canastra National Park.
SCi = Serra do Cipo National Park.
SO = Serra dos Orgaos National Park.
SR = Sumidouro Road.
Ub = Ubatuba area (Serra do Mar).

This list follows the taxonomy, names and sequence of James F. Clements (Birds of the World, A Checklist, Fifth Edition 2000) with a few exceptions of recent taxonomy decisions and name changes (see www.ibispub.com/updates.html)

Notes of threatened species on the IUCN Red List were taken of “Threatened Birds of the World” – Birdlife International (2000).  See also www.birdlife.net/species/species_search_results.cfm.

Brown Tinamou                         Crypturellus obsoletus
Ub – seen twice, more birds were heard.

Pied-billed Grebe                       Podilymbus podiceps
SCa – a pair on the Rio Sâo Francisco.
Sâo Paulo – several on the ponds around Ibérica’s Praia Hotel.

Brown Booby                              Sula leucogaster
Ub – Rio de Janeiro – Praia Grande: many splendid observations, especially at Rio where up to 60 birds a day were counted.

Neotropic Cormorant                Phalacrocorax brasilianus
Ub-AR-SCi-Sâo Paulo-Belo Horizonte: regularly seen in good numbers.

Magnificent Frigatebird            Fregata magnificens
Ub-AR-Rio de Janeiro-Ma-Praia Grande-Cst: A common bird along the Brazilian coast, up to 100 birds a day.

Whistling Heron                         Syrigma sibilatrix
ITA – two birds flew over.

Cocoi Heron                                Ardea cocoi
Rio de Janeiro – A single observation at the Guanabara Bay.

Great Egret                                 Ardea alba
Fairly common, regularly seen on route.

Little Blue Heron                       Egretta caerulea
Ub- a single bird.

Snowy Egret                               Egretta thula
Fairly common throughout.

Cattle Egret                               Bubulcus ibis
A common and widespread species.

Buff-necked Ibis                        Theristicus caudatus
SCa – respectively two, seven and four birds were counted.

Roseate Spoonbill                      Ajaia ajaja
AR-Rio de Janeiro – both single.

White-faced Whistling-Duck    Dendrocygna viduata
A group of circa 20 birds en route to Sâo Paulo on 14/8.

Muscovy Duck                           Cairina moschata
SCa – a total of eight birds on the Rio Sâo Francisco.

Brazilian Teal                            Amazonetta brasiliensis
Two birds on a pond just outside Rio de Janeiro on 4/8.

Brazilian Merganser                 Mergus octosetaceus
SCa – fabulous views of a pair at close range on the Rio Sâo Francisco at the campsite Buteco Ra on 13/8.

Black Vulture                            Coragyps atratus
A very common species, daily seen in good numbers.

Turkey Vulture                         Cathartes aura
Less common than previous species, but also daily up to 20 birds.

King Vulture                             Sarcoramphus papa
SCi- SCa – respectively a single and three birds were seen.

White-tailed Kite                      Elanus leucurus
Two birds at Sâo Paulo airport on 25/7.

Rufous-thighed Kite                 Harpagus diodon
Ub – a single observation.

Bicolored Hawk                        Accipiter bicolor
Ub – nice views of an adult bird at Folha Seca.

Harris' Hawk                           Parabuteo unicinctus
SCa – a single on the upper plateau.

Crowned Eagle                         Harpyhaliaetus coronatus
Ca – a pair with juvenile soaring over the hills was a nice bonus!

Roadside Hawk                        Buteo magnirostris
Almost daily seen in small numbers.

White-tailed Hawk                   Buteo albicaudatus
SCa – a total of seven count on the plateau, three more seen on road to Sâo Paulo.

Southern Caracara                  Caracara plancus                 
Daily seen at all visited places with max. 10 birds on the Serra da Canastra plateau.

Yellow-headed Caracara         Milvago chimachima
AR-Ma-SCi-SCa-ITA – small numbers.

Laughing Falcon                      Herpetotheres cachinnans
SCa – splendid observations of four birds in total, not shy!

Barred Forest-Falcon              Micrastur ruficollis
It – a single, only heard.

American Kestrel                     Falco sparverius
SCa – four birds seen, four more seen on route.

Aplomado Falcon                     Falco femoralis
SCi – a single observation.

Dusky-legged Guan                  Penelope obscura
It – easy seen around Hotel do Ypê a few more on the trails, more than 20 birds on 2/8.
AN – a pair flushed at the roadside scrub.

Spot-winged Wood-Quail         Odontophorus capueira
It – three seen, a few more heard.
SO – two and a single bird were extremely good seen on the Pedro do Sino trail.

Gray-necked Wood-Rail           Aramides cajanea
It – a total of five birds were counted.

Slaty-breasted Wood-Rail        Aramides saracura
SCa – a single bird along the Rio Sâo Francisco.

Red-legged Seriema                  Cariama cristata
SCi – a single observation.
SCa – no less than eight birds were seen in total.

Wattled Jacana                          Jacana jacana
SR – seven birds at the marsh, one more seen en route.

Southern Lapwing                     Vanellus chilensis
Fairly common, most seen en route in cultivated landscape.

Kelp Gull                                    Larus dominicanus
Small numbers throughout the coastline, nice views at UB.

Cayenne Tern                             Sterna (sandvicensis) eurignatha
Ub-Ma – small numbers were counted, maximum 20 a day.

Rock Dove                                  Columba livia
Fairly common in cities and villages.

Picazuro Pigeon                         Columba picazuro
Seen on most visited places in small numbers

Pale-vented Pigeon                    Columba cayennensis
Ub-AN – both single observations.
SCa – fairly common, up to 30 birds a day.

Plumbeous Pigeon                      Columba plumbea
It-So – one and two birds respectively seen.

Eared Dove                                 Zenaida auriculata
SCa – circa 40 birds seen in total.

Ruddy Ground-Dove                 Columbina talpacoti
A fairly common lowland species.

Picui Ground-Dove                    Columbina picui
SCa – circa 10 birds were counted.

Scaled Dove                                Columbina squammata
SCi – two seen.
SCa – up to 20 birds a day.

White-tipped Dove                     Leptotila verreauxi
Ub –So – singles at both places.

Gray-fronted Dove                     Leptotila rufaxilla
It – a single observation;

Violaceous Quail-Dove               Geotrygon violacea
It – nice views of a male on the Très Picos trail.

Ruddy Quail-Dove                     Geotrygon montana
Ub – a male on the trail at Seca Folha.

Blue-winged Macaw                   Propyrrhura maracana
Ca – a small group, unfortunately only heard.

White-eyed Parakeet                  Aratinga leucophthalmus
SR-SCa – small numbers, circa 50 birds in total.

Golden-capped Parakeet            Aratinga auricapilla
SCa – a single observation near Casca d’Anta.

Peach-fronted Parakeet             Aratinga aurea
SCi –Sca – fairly common at both places.

Maroon-bellied Parakeet           Pyrrhura frontalis
Ub-It-AN-SO-SCa – seen in good numbers.

Blue-winged Parrotlet                 Forpus crassirostris
Ub-SCi-SCa – 13, 2 and circa 34 birds were counted.

Plain Parakeet                             Brotogeris tirica
Ub-It – fairly common, circa 60 birds in total.

Yellow-chevroned Parakeet       Brotogeris chiriri
SCa – a group of 7 birds flew over the Rio Sâo Francisco.

Pileated Parrot                            Pionopsitta pileata
Ub-It – 3 and 9 birds respectively.

Scaly-headed Parrot                   Pionus maximiliani
Ub – regularly seen in small groups, circa 30 birds in total.
It-SCi-SCa – 4, 3 and 3 birds seen.

Red-tailed Parrot                        Amazona brasiliensis
ITA – five birds on the well know roosting place on the evening of 15/8.

Squirrel Cuckoo                          Piaya cayana
It-SR-SCa – four birds seen in total.

Smooth-billed Ani                       Crotophaga ani
Fairly common throughout, most observations en route.

Guira Cuckoo                              Guira guira
AR-Ma-SR-Ca-SCI-SCa – small groups up to 10 birds, also regularly seen en route.

Striped Cuckoo                           Tapera naevia
Ub-SR – two and a single seen, four more birds en route tot Rio on 4/8.

Rufous Nightjar                          Caprimulgus rufus
SCi – splendid observation of a single on a daytime roost.

Sooty Swift                                  Cypseloides fumigatus
Ub-It-SCa – a few singles seen, excluded a group of circa 50 birds at Ub on 28/7.

Great Dusky Swift                     Cypseloides senex
SCa – circa 30 birds at Casca d’Anta.

White-collared Swift                  Streptoprocne zonaris
A common species, seen on most visited places.

Biscutate Swift                            Streptoprocne biscutata
AN-SCi – circa 25 and 10 birds respectively identified at close range.

Gray-rumped Swift                    Chaetura cinereiventris
Ub – fairly common.

Ashy-tailed Swift                        Chaetura andrei
It – circa 10 birds seen over Hotel do Ypê on 2/8.

Saw-billed Hermit                      Ramphodon naevius
Ub – circa 10 birds seen, most at Folha Seca.

Scale-throated Hermit               Phaethornis eurynome
It-AN-SO-SCi-SCa – a few at each site.

Planalto Hermit                          Phaethornis pretrei
Ub-AR-It-SO-SCa : all singles.

Reddish Hermit                          Phaethornis ruber
Ub –daily small numbers.

Sombre Hummingbird              Campylopterus cirrochloris
Ub – a single on the feeders at Farenda Capricornio on 28/7.

Swallow-tailed Hummingbird   Eupetomena macrourus
Ub-AR-It-SR-SCi-SCa – small numbers.

Black Jacobin                             Florisuga fuscus
It-AN – circa 15 birds seen.

White-vented Violet-ear            Colibri serrirostris
SR-SCa – two and a single bird observed.

Black-throated Mango               Anthracothorax nigricollis
SCa – a male at the feeder at Hotel Chapadâo da Canastra.

Plovercrest                                  Stephanoxis lalandi
AN-SO – respectively four and three birds seen.

Frilled Coquette                         Lophornis magnificus
It – six birds counted.

Festive Coquette                         Lophornis chalybeus
Ub – at least four birds seen, all at Fazenda Capricornio.

Glittering-bellied Emerald        Chlorostilbon aureoventris
It –Sci-SCa – small numbers seen.

Fork-tailed Woodnymph           Thalurania furcata
SCi – circa 10 birds were seen.

Violet-capped Woodnymph       Thalurania glaucopis
Ub-AR-It-AN-Rio de Janeiro-SO-SR – fairly common species.

White-throated Hummingbird    Leucochloris albicollis
It – circa 5 birds daily on the feeders at Hotel do Ypê.

White-tailed Goldenthroat         Polytmus guainumbi
SCI-SCa – 6+ and 3 respectively.

Versicolored Emerald                 Agyrtria versicolor
It – three birds seen.

Sapphire-spangled Emerald       Polyerata lactea
It-AN-SO – a few observations at each site.

Brazilian Ruby                            Clytolaema rubricauda
It-SO – small numbers.

Hyacinth Visorbearer                 Augastes scutatus
SCi – 10+ and 3 birds were counted.

Horned Sungem                          Heliactin bilopha
SCi – six birds seen.

Stripe-breasted Starthroat         Heliomaster squamosus
SCa – a male on two days on the feeders at Hotel Chapadâo da Canastra.

Amethyst Woodstar                    Calliphlox amethystina
SCi – 5+ birds were seen.

White-tailed Trogon                   Trogon viridis
Ub – a pair seen at Folha Seca.
SO – one male.

Black-throated Trogon              Trogon rufus
It – a male at the Maromba trail.

Surucua Trogon                         Trogon surrucura
It – one male and three females, all of the yellow-bellied form aurantius.
AN – a single observation of the red-bellied form surrucura.

Ringed Kingfisher                      Ceryle torquata
Ub-AR – both singles.

Amazon Kingfisher                    Chloroceryle amazona
SCa – two birds on the Rio Sâo Francisco.

Green Kingfisher                       Chloroceryle americana
Ub-SCa – three observations of one single bird.

Rufous-capped Motmot             Baryphthengus ruficapillus
Ub – nice views of a bird at Folha Seca.

Three-toed Jacamar                   Jacamaralcyon tridactyla
SR – six birds seen in total.
Ca – four seen, two more heard.

Rufous-tailed Jacamar               Galbula ruficauda
AR-SCa – seen twice very well.

Buff-bellied Puffbird                  Notharchus swainsoni                       
Ub – a single observation.
Recently split from White-necked Puffbird – N.macrorhynehos and now endemic for SE Brazil (Ibis 15 june 2002 p. 236).

White-eared Puffbird                 Nystalus chacuru
SCi-SCa – singles at both places.

Crescent-chested Puffbird          Malacoptila striata
Ub – good but briefly seen at Folha Seca.

Chestnut-eared Aracari              Pteroglossus castanotis
SR – a pair flew over.

Saffron Toucanet                         Baillonius bailloni
At – super views aourd Hotel do Ypê and on the feeders.

Red-breasted Toucan                  Ramphastos dicolorus
Ub-It – circa 10 and 3 birds respectively seen.

Toco Toucan                                Ramphastos toco
SCa – five seen in total, three more en route to Sâo Paulo on 14/8.

White-barred Piculet                  Picumnus cirratus
Ub-It-SR – respectively two, one and one bird seen.

Ochre-collared Piculet                Picumnus temminckii
Ub –five birds observed in total.

Yellow-fronted Woodpecker      Melanerpes flavifrons
Ub-It – regularly seen.

White-spotted Woodpecker       Veniliornis spilogaster
It – a female on 3/8.

Yellow-browed Woodpecker      Piculus aurulentus
It – a male in the clearing around Hotel Do Ypê on 1/8.

Green-barred Woodpecker        Colaptes melanochloros
It-SCa – two and one bird seen.

Campo Flicker                             Colaptes campestris
AN-SR-Ca-SCi-SCa – good numbers, also regularly en route.

Blond-crested Woodpecker        Celeus flavescens
Ub – three seen, more heard.

Robust Woodpecker                    Campephilus robustus
It – a male at Hotel do Ypê on 1/8.

Tail-banded Hornero                  Furnarius figulus
SCa – a male singing on wire along the track, a few hundred meters before the campsite Buteco Rà.

Rufous Hornero                           Furnarius rufus
Fairly common inland.

Sooty-fronted Spinetail               Synallaxis frontalis
SCi – only one seen in the higher scrub.

Pale-breasted Spinetail                Synallaxis albescens
SCa – a single in the forest near Casca d’Anta.

Chicli Spinetail                            Synallaxis spixi
It-SoO – circa 5 birds seen on both places.

Rufous-capped Spinetail             Synallaxis ruficapilla
Ub-It-SO – small numbers.

Pallid Spinetail                            Cranioleuca pallida
Ub-AN – a few at each location.

Itatiaia Thistletail                       Oreophylax moreirae
AN – three birds were found.

Cipo Canastero                           Asthenes luizae
SCi – two birds seen very well, one more heard.

Red-eyed Thornbird                  Phacellodomus erythrophthalmus
AR – a single observation.

Firewood-gatherer                     Anumbius annumbi
SCi–Sca –only three birds in total.

Streaked Xenops                        Xenops rutilans
It – seen twice.

Sharp-billed Treehunter            Heliobletus contaminatus
It-AN-SO – one, one and circa 5 birds seen respectively.

White-browed Foliage-gleaner    Anabacerthia amaurotis
It-SO – a single and two birds were counted.

Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner     Syndactyla rufosuperciliata
It – a single observation.

Pale-browed Treehunter            Cichlocolaptes leucophrus
Ub – one bird in a mixed flock.

Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner     Philydor rufus
Ub-It-AN-SO – small numbers.

Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner    Philydor lichtensteini
It – one on the Tres Picos trail.

Black-capped Foliage-gleaner    Philydor atricapillus
Ub-It-So – two, one and two observations.

White-collared Foliage-gleaner   Anabazenops fuscus
It – good numbers.

Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper       Lochmias nematura
SO- three birds seen well, more heard.
SCa – a single above Casca d’Anta.

Thrush-like Woodcreeper          Dendrocincla turdina
Ub – seen twice.

Olivaceous Woodcreeper            Sittasomus griseicapillus
It-AN – circa 20 birds in total.

Wedge-billed Woodcreeper        Glyphorynchus spirurus
SO – circa 8 birds were seen.

White-throated Woodcreeper     Xiphocolaptes albicollis
Ub-SO – singles at both locations.

Planalto Woodcreeper                  Dendrocolaptes platyrostris
It – three birds seen.

Narrow-billed Woodcreeper        Lepidocolaptes angustirostris
SCa – a single in the scrub along the Rio Sâo Francisco.

Scaled Woodcreeper                     Lepidocolaptes squamatus
Ub-It-AN-SO –small numbers.

Lesser Woodcreeper                     Lepidocolaptes fuscus
Ub – only one seen at Fazenda Capricornia.

Black-billed Scythebill                 Campylorhamphus falcularius
SO – heard at the beginning of the Pedro do Sino trail.

Spot-backed Antshrike                 Hypoedaleus guttatus
Ub – at least three times heard but no response to the playback.

Giant Antshrike                            Batara cinerea
SO – female seen and male heard at the beginning of the Pedro do Sino trail.

Tufted Antshrike                          Mackenziaena severa
Ub – two males seen and one more heard at Folha Seca.

Large-tailed Antshrike                 Mackenziaena leachii
AN – a male taped-out, a second one only heard.

Planalto Slaty-Antshrike              Thamnophilus pelzelni
It – a pair at the Tres Picos trail.

Variable Antshrike                       Thamnophilus caerulescens
It – two heard.
SO –seen twice, three more heard.

Spot-breasted Antvireo                Dysithamnus stictothorax
Ub – a total of five were seen, a few more heard.

Plain Antvireo                               Dysithamnus mentalis
Ub-It-SO-SCa – regularly seen, in total 30+ birds.

Rufous-backed Antvireo              Dysithamnus xanthopterus
It-SO – two and four birds seen.

Star-throated Antwren                 Myrmotherula gularis
Ub-It-SO – small numbers.

Salvadori's Antwren                   Myrmotherula minor
Ub – a male at the Concovado trail on 27/7.

Unicolored Antwren                    Myrmotherula unicolor
Ub – four males and two females in total.

Restinga Antwren                       Formicivora littoralis
Ma – two males, a female seen and one more male heard within 10 minutes after enter the dunes.  Respond very quickly and heavy on tape recorder!

Black-hooded Antwren              Formicivora erythronotos
AR – a pair on 31/7 and the same female on 1/8 gave some nice looks in the scrub along the Rio Florescâo.

Ferruginous Antbird                  Drymophila ferruginea
Ub-It –four birds seen at both places.

Bertoni's Antbird                        Drymophila rubricollis
It –six birds seen on the Tres Picos trail.
So – a single seen and heard.

Rufous-tailed Antbird                Drymophila genei
AN – three birds seen, more were heard.

Ochre-rumped Antbird              Drymophila ochropyga
It – only heard twice at the Tres Picos trail.

Scaled Antbird                            Drymophila squamata
Ub – quit easy to see, circa 15 birds in total.

Streak-capped Antwren             Terenura maculata
Ub-AR – respectively two and a single observation.

Rio de Janeiro Antbird               Cercomacra brasiliana
Ca – one seen, extremely skulking!  A second bird heard.

White-shouldered Fire-eye         Pyriglena leucoptera
Ub-AR-It-AN-SO – at least six seen, more heard.  Some very nice views.

White-bibbed Antbird                 Myrmeciza loricata
It – three seen and nine more heard in total, easy to tape in.

Brazilian Antthrush                    Chamaeza ruficauda
It-AN-SO – only one seen, eight others heard.

Such's Antthrush                         Chamaeza meruloides
It-SO – splendid observation on the Tres Picos trail.  Three more heard.

Variegated Antpitta                    Grallaria varia
It –SO – three heard, one seen too briefly to write in!

Speckle-breasted Antpitta          Hylopezus nattereri
It – unfortunately only heard twice.

Black-cheeked Gnateater            Conopophaga melanops
Ub – males seen twice very well.

Spotted Bamboowren                   Psilorhamphus guttatus
Ub – super observation at Folha Seca, same bird heard on more dates.

Slaty Bristlefront                          Merulaxis ater
Ub – after several heard, one crossing the trail very slow on a distance of 5 feet, superb!

Mouse-colored Tapaculo              Scytalopus speluncae
SO – one seen well, three more were heard.

Shrike-like Cotinga                      Laniisoma elegans
SCa – a female probably on migration in the vegetation of the Rio Sâo Francisco above Casca d’Anta was a real surprise!

Black-and-gold Cotinga               Tijuca atra
It-AN-SO – three males and a female seen well on the Pedro do Sino trail, in total 20+ birds heard.

Hooded Berryeater                       Carpornis cucullatus
SO – easy to tape-in, three seen and 10+ heard only.

Buff-throated Purpletuft              Iodopleura pipra
Ub – a male at Fazenda Capricornio in het dead tree opposite the last house.
AR – a male in a fig tree along the Rio Florescâo.

Bare-throated Bellbird                Procnias nudicollis
Ub – super views of a male and no less than four females at Fazenda Capricornio.
IT – A female at the Tres Picos trail.

White-bearded Manakin              Manacus manacus
Ub-AR-It-Ca – regularly seen in small number.

Blue Manakin                               Chiroxiphia caudata
Ub-It-SO – fairly common.

Pin-tailed Manakin                       Ilicura militaris
SO – a female on the Pedro do Sino trail.

Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet     Camptostoma obsoletum
Ub-SCi – seven birds in total were counted.

Gray Elaenia                                  Myiopagis caniceps
AN – a single observation.

Yellow-bellied Elaenia                  Elaenia flavogaster
SCa – two birds along the Rio Sâo Francisco.

Plain-crested Elaenia                    Elaenia cristata
SCi – four birds in total seen.

Highland Elaenia                          Elaenia obscura
SCa – four birds in total.

Sooty Tyrannulet                          Serpophaga nigricans
SCi-SCa –a single and circa 10 birds respectively seen.

White-crested Tyrannulet           Serpophaga subcristata
AN – three birds seen.

Gray-hooded Flycatcher              Mionectes rufiventris
Ub-AR-SO – two, one and three birds observed.

Sepia-capped Flycatcher              Leptopogon amaurocephalus
Ub-It-SO-SR-Ca –small numbers.

Sao Paulo Tyrannulet                   Phylloscartes paulistus
Ub – a single at Folha Seca.

Oustalet's Tyrannulet                   Phylloscartes oustaleti
Ub-AR – three different birds in total.

Serra do Mar Tyrannulet             Phylloscartes difficilis
AN – twice seen.

Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet          Phylloscartes ventralis
SO – two along the Pedro do Sino trail.

Bay-ringed Tyrannulet                 Phylloscartes sylviolus
Ub – at least three birds were counted.

Planalto Tyrannulet                      Phyllomyias fasciatus
It-SR – respectively one and two birds seen.

Gray-capped Tyrannulet              Phyllomyias griseocapilla
Ub – seen twice, maybe same individual.

Sharp-tailed Tyrant                      Culicivora caudacuta
SCa – 10+ birds, most were seen in the grasslands just above Casca d’Anta.

Gray-backed Tachuri                   Polystictus superciliaris
SCa – seen very well inside the park where the power line crosses the road.

Eared Pygmy-Tyrant                    Myiornis auricularis
It-So – two and one single bird.

Drab-breasted Bamboo-Tyrant   Hemitriccus diops
It – two seen and three heard along the Tres Picos Trail.

Eye-ringed Tody-Tyrant              Hemitriccus orbitatus
UB – one bird at Folha Seca.

Hangnest Tody-Tyrant                 Hemitriccus nidipendulus
SR – a single observation.

Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrant              Hemitriccus furcatus
Ub – one and the day after two birds at the same spot in Folha Seca, used tape recorder!

Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher     Todirostrum poliocephalum
Ub – daily seen, max. 6 birds on 28/7.
SR – a single observation.

Common Tody-Flycatcher            Todirostrum cinereum
SCa – twice seen.

Yellow-olive Flycatcher                 Tolmomyias sulphurescens
Ub – a single bird.

Gray-crowned Flycatcher             Tolmomyias poliocephalus
Ub-It – four birds in total.

White-throated Spadebill              Platyrinchus mystaceus
SO – seen well at the Pedro do Sino trail.

Bran-colored Flycatcher                Myiophobus fasciatus
Ub – another single observation.

Yellow-rumped Flycatcher            Myiobius mastacalis
Ub – spotted in the Cocoa plantations of Fazenda Capriconio.

Cliff Flycatcher                               Hirundinea ferruginea
Ub-AR-SCa – 10 birds were counted.

Tropical Pewee                               Contopus cinereus
Ub-It-SCa – only five birds in total identified.

Gray Monjita                                  Xolmis cinerea
SCi-SCa – one and two birds respectively.

White-rumped Monjita                 Xolmis velata
SR-SCi-SCa – regularly seen, up tot 10 birds a day.

Blue-billed Black-Tyrant              Knipolegus cyanirostris
It-AN-So-Ca-SCa – three, five, one, four and circa 20 birds respectively.

Velvety Black-Tyrant                    Knipolegus nigerrimus
It-AN-SR-Ca-SCa – three, five, one, four and circa 20 birds respectively.

Crested-Black-Tyrant                    Knipolegus lophotes
SCi-SCa – fairly common.

Masked Water-Tyrant                   Fluvicola nengeta
Ub-AN-Rio de Janeiro-SCa – small numbers.

Cock-tailed Tyrant                         Alectrurus tricolor
SCa – two males and a female on the upper plateau was unexpected this time of the year.

Streamer-tailed Tyrant                  Gubernetes yetapa
A pair on the power line along the BR393 road near Sapucaia.

Long-tailed Tyrant                     Colonia colonus
Ub-AR-It-AN-SCi-SCa-ITA – small numbers.

Cattle Tyrant                              Machetornis rixosus
Ub-AR-SCi-SCa – regularly seen, also enroute.

Shear-tailed Gray Tyrant          Muscipipra vetula
AN – a single bird at the marsh.

Sirystes                                        Sirystes sibilator
It – three birds around Hotel do Ypê, leading a big mixed flock!

Grayish Mourner                        Rhytipterna simplex
SO – a single observation.

Swainson's Flycatcher                Myiarchus swainsoni
Ma-SR-Ca – regularly seen.

Short-crested Flycatcher            Myiarchus ferox
SCi-SCa – a single and two birds seen.

Brown-crested Flycatcher           Myiarchus tyrannulus
SCa – twice seen.

Great Kiskadee                           Pitangus sulphuratus
Common throughout.

Boat-billed Flycatcher                Megarynchus pitangua
Like previous species, a common bird.

Rusty-margined Flycatcher        Myiozetetes cayanensis
A common lowland species.

Social Flycatcher                          Myiozetetes similis
It_SCa – only a few observations.

Tropical Kingbird                       Tyrannus melancholicus
Ub-Rio de Janeiro-Ma-SCa – regularly seen.

Fork-tailed Flycatcher                Tyrannus savana
SCa – three birds between Sâo Roque de Minas and Vargem Bonita.

Chestnut-crowned Becard          Pachyramphus castaneus
Ub-It – respectively five and four birds.

Crested Becard                            Pachyramphus validus
Ub – a female at Fazenda Capricornio.

Black-crowned Tityra                 Tityra inquisitor
Ub – a male in de Cocoa plantations of Fazenda Capricornio.

Sharpbill                                      Oxyruncus cristatus
It-AN-SO – five birds were only heard.

Brown-chested Martin               Progne tapera
Ma-Ca-SCa – small numbers

Gray-breasted Martin                Progne chalybea
Ub – daily seen, also a few en route.

White-rumped Swallow             Tachycineta leucorrhoa
SCa – four and one bird seen on the plateau.

Blue-and-white Swallow            Pygochelidon cyanoleuca
A common species throughout.

White-thighed Swallow              Neochelidon tibialis
Ub – daily seen, max. 15 birds on 28/7.

Tawny-headed Swallow              Stelgidopteryx fucata
AR-SR – seen twice.

Southern Rough-winged Swallow    Stelgidopteryx ruficollis
Ub-AR-SR-Ca-SCI-SCa – a common species.

Hellmayr's Pipit                           Anthus hellmayri
SCi – a single seen and heard.
SCa – 10+ birds seen on the plateau.

Ochre-breasted Pipit                   Anthus nattereri
SCa – splendid observation of two birds on the plateau.

Black-capped Donacobius           Donacobius atricapillus
SCa – a single at the pond near the campsite Buteco Ra.

Southern house Wren                  Troglodytes aedon
Small numbers at most visited places.

Tropical Mockingbird                  Mimus gilvus
SR-Ca-SCi – a few at each location.

Chalk-browed Mockingbird        Mimus saturninus
SR-Ca-SCi-SCa – fairly common.

Yellow-legged Thrush                  Platycichla flavipes
Ub-AR-It-AN-Rio de Janeiro-Ma-So – small numbers, up to 10 birds a day.

Rufous-bellied Thrush                 Turdus rufiventris
Ub-AR-It-AN-SO-SR – small numbers.

Pale-breasted Thrush                   Turdus leucomelas
Ub-It-SCa – regularly seen.

Creamy-bellied Thrush                Turdus amaurochalinus
Ub-AR-It-SO-ITA – less common than previous species.

White-necked Thrush                  Turdus albicollis
Ub – seen twice.

House Sparrow                             Passer domesticus
Common throughout.

Common Waxbill                         Estrilda astrild
SO – two birds in the garden of Pousada Chamonix.

Red-eyed Vireo                            Vireo olivaceus
Ub – the resident form V.o.chivi also called ‘Chivi Vireo’ and sometimes given specific status, was four times noted.

Rufous-crowned Greenlet           Hylophilus poicilotis
Ut-AN-SO – one, three and three birds were seen.

Lemon-chested Greenlet             Hylophilus thoracicus
Ub – a single observation.

Ashy-headed Greenlet                 Hylophilus pectoralis
SR – like previous species, one bird seen.

Rufous-browed Peppershrike     Cyclarhis gujanensis
AN – only heard.

Hooded Siskin                              Carduelis magellanica
Ub – a group of ten birds on the track to Folha Seca.

Tropical Parula                            Parula pitiayumi
Ub – dialy small numbers.

Golden-crowned Warbler           Basileuterus culicivorus
It-SO-Ca – circa 25 birds in total.

White-rimmed Warbler              Basileuterus leucoblepharus
AN – three heard.
SO – four birds seen.

White-striped Warbler                Basileuterus leucophrys
SCa – a single birds in the forest to Casca d’Anta.

Neotropical River Warbler         Basileuterus rivularis
AR – one bird responded very well to the tape, nice views.

Bananaquit                                   Coereba flaveola
Common species throughout.

Chestnut-vented Conebill            Conirostrum speciosum
SR – 2+ birds were noted.

Brown Tanager                            Orchesticus abeillei
It – daily seen, up to 10 birds.
SO – seen twice.

Cinnamon Tanager                       Schistochlamys ruficapillus
It – a single bird at the feeders.
SCa – a few birds.

White-rumped Tanager               Cypsnagra hirundinacea
SCi – two birds were notated.

Magpie Tanager                            Cissopis leveriana
It – circa 20 birds in total.
SCa – a few birds.

Chestnut-headed Tanager            Pyrrhocoma ruficeps
SO-SCa – two single males of this skulking species were seen.

Orange-headed Tanager               Thlypopsis sordida
Ub – a single observation at Folha Seca.

Rufous-headed Tanager                Hemithraupis ruficapilla
Ub-It – good numbers, less common at later places.

Hooded Tanager                            Nemosia pileata
SR – a group of 5 birds.

Olive-green Tanager                     Orthogonys chloricterus
Ub-AR-It – fairly common, max. count of 25 at Fazende Capricornio.

Flame-crested Tanager                 Tachyphonus cristatus
Ub-Rio de Janeiro – daily seen, circa 35 birds in total.

Ruby-crowned Tanager                Tachyphonus coronatus
Ub-AR-It-SO – regularly observed in small groups.

Black-goggled Tanager                 Trichothraupis melanops
Ub-It-SO-SCa – small numbers, circa 50 birds in total.

Red-crowned Ant-Tanager           Habia rubica
Ub-Rio de Janeiro-SO – a few observations max. day count 5 birds.

Hepatic Tanager                            Piranga flava
Ub – three birds at Folha Seca.

Brazilian Tanager                          Ramphocelus bresilius
Ub-AR-Rio de Janeiro-Ma – daily seen, circa 25 birds in total.

Sayaca Tanager                             Thraupis sayaca
Ub-AR-It-SR-Ca-SCi-SCa – fairly common species.

Azure-shouldered Tanager           Thraupis cyanoptera
Ub – a group of at least five birds at Folha Seca.

Golden-chevroned Tanager          Thraupis ornata
Ub-It-SO – small numbers, more common at latter place.

Palm Tanager                                Thraupis palmarum
Ub-AR-It-SCi – good numbers were seen.

Diademed Tanager                        Stephanophorus diadematus
AN – circa 20 birds were noted.

Fawn-breasted Tanager                Pipraeidea melanonota
Ub-AR-SO – a few observations, mostly singles.

Purple-throated Euphonia            Euphonia chlorotica
SCi – a single observation.

Violaceous Euphonia                     Euphonia violacea
Ub-AR – respectively five and one bird.

Chestnut-bellied Euphonia           Euphonia pectoralis
Ub-It – small numbers, 20+ birds in total.

Blue-naped Chlorophonia             Chlorophonia cyanea
It – a male and max. three females on the feeders at Hotel do Ypê.

Green-headed Tanager                  Tangara seledon
Ub-It-AN – commonest Tanger, up to 40 birds a day.

Red-necked Tanager                      Tangara cyanocephala
Ub – daily seen in good numbers.

Brassy-breasted Tanager               Tangara desmaresti
It-AN-SO-SCa – a few observations, only common seen at SO with +50 birds.

Gilt-edged Tanager                        Tangara cyanoventris
It – days with circa 30 and 10 birds were noted.

Burnished-buff Tanager                Tangara cayana
SO-SR-SCi-SCa – a few observations at each site.

Blue Dacnis                                     Dacnis cayana
Ub-AR-It-Ca-SCa – small numbers, one day up to 20 birds at Ub.

Green Honeycreeper                      Chlorophanes spiza
Ub-SCa – 10 birds in total.

Swallow-Tanager                           Tersina viridis
Ub-It-SR-SCa – three males and four females were noted.

Pileated Finch                                 Coryphospingus pileatus
SCa – four birds along the Rio Francisco.

Bay-chested Warbling-Finch         Poospiza thoracica
AN – circa 25 birds were counted.

Red-rumped Warbling-Finch         Poospiza lateralis
AN – seen twice.

Cinereous Warbling-Finch           Poospiza cinerea
SCi – a pair seen well.

Blue-black Grassquit                     Volatinia jacarina
SR-SCa – small numbers.

Plumbeous Seedeater                     Sporophila plumbea
SCa – a single bird.

Yellow-bellied Seedeater               Sporophila nigricollis
SCa – regularly seen.

Double-collared Seedeater            Sporophila caerulescens
Ub-AN-Ma-Ca-SCa – fairly common in suitable habitat.

White-bellied Seedeater                Sporophila leucoptera
SCa – circa 30 birds in total.

Uniform Finch                               Haplospiza unicolor
Ub – a male seen, two more heard at It.

Saffron Finch                                 Sicalis flaveola
SR-SCa – small numbers.

Grassland Yellow-Finch                Sicalis luteola
SCa – a single observation.

Stripe-tailed Yellow-Finch            Sicalis citrina
SCa – respectively five and two birds observed.

Wedge-tailed Grass-Finch             Emberizoides herbicola
SCa – 20+ birds were noted.

Pale-throated Serra-Finch            Embernagra longicauda
SCi – a group of three was seen.

Great Pampa-Finch                       Embernagra platensis
SCa – a single observation.

Grassland Sparrow                        Ammodramus humeralis
SCi-SCa – small numbers.

Rufous-collared Sparrow              Zonotrichia capensis
Ub-It-AN-Ma-SCi-SCa – small numbers at each site.

Buff-throated Saltator                    Saltator maximus
SCi – a single observation.

Green-winged Saltator                   Saltator similis
Ub – seen twice.

Thick-billed Saltator                      Saltator maxillosus
It-SO – six and a single observation respectively.

Black-throated Saltator                Saltator atricollis
SCa – a total of six birds seen.

Yellow-billed Blue Finch              Porphyrospiza caerulescens
SCi – a nice male was seen.

Shiny Cowbird                              Molothrus bonariensis
Ub-It-SR-SCi-SCa – fairly common.

Giant Cowbird                              Molothrus oryzivorus
SCa – a few observations.

Red-rumped Cacique                   Cacicus haemorrhous
Ub-It – up to 20 birds a day, very vocal!

Golden-winged Cacique              Cacicus chrysopterus
It-AN – small numbers.

Crested Oropendola                    Psarocolius decumanus
Ub-SR-Ca-SCa – regularly seen.

Yellow-rumped Marshbird        Pseudoleistes guirahuro
SCi-SCa – small numbers.

Chopi Blackbird                          Gnorimopsar chopi
Ub-SCa – circa 30 birds seen in total.