List of all birds seen in Southern Africa, Jos Stratford

The following systematic list details all records of the 715 species seen during the entire seven months of my travels in the sub-continent. Names used are generally those as in the third edition of the Sasol field guide, though where another name is in widespread use it is also given. For ease of reading, the records are broken down into the constituent countries, i.e. Namibia, South Africa, Botswana and Mozambique. Since visits to Swaziland and Lesotho were brief, these records are included in the South Africa accounts. Additionally, in the unique case of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, where you are constantly crossing between South Africa and Botswana, full details of any sightings are given in the Botswana accounts.Finally, in some cases, for species very common or widespread, a summary of total records is given, rather than listing every last bird.

Ostrich

Namibia. Most numerous at Etosha, where up to 50 were seen daily, particularly north of Okaukuejo and on the Andoni Plains. Elsewhere, fairly common at Sossusvlei and in the Namib Desert between Solitaire and Walvis Bay (a minimum of 30 birds), plus at least 12 at Spitskoppe and scattered birds in the desert areas between Keetmanshoop and Luderitz.

South Africa. Records not thought to relate to feral birds included three north of Vanrhynsdorp, up to 15 at Cape Point, plus good numbers in several of the national parks - 15 in the Karoo N.P., about 30 at Addo, a minimum of 40 in the West Coast N.P. and many in both De Hoop N.P. and the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park. Elsewhere, for example in the Overburg, feral birds were frequently encountered.

Botswana. Common in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (48 in the Nossob Valley, eight in the duneveld and seven at Mabuasehube) and occasional elsewhere (four at Nata, four along the Boro, four at Ngami and pairs en route to Shakawe and near Makwena).

African Penguin (Jackass Penguin)

Namibia. At Luderitz, the colony on Halifax Island, easily viewed from Halifax Point, numbered a minimum of 700 birds.

South Africa. Easily seen at the breeding colonies - approximate numbers being 100 at Lambert's Bay and over 2000 at Boulders Beach, Simon's Town. In addition, 18 birds were seen out to sea on the pelagic trip.

Little Grebe

Namibia. Common where water exists, especially in Caprivi. Best numbers were at Rundu sewage farm (40+) and Katima Mamila sewage farm (c.30), as well as 20 at Daan Viljoen N.P. and 14 at the mouth of the Swakop River. Smaller numbers were also at Avis Dam, in the Ngepi area and at various Etosha waterholes.

South Africa. In Cape Province, the only records were nine at Clanwilliam Dam, three at Lambert's Bay, two at Eland's Bay and several breeding pairs at Paarl. In the east of the country, records were even fewer and consisted of two birds in Kruger, seven at Wakkerstroom and two at Malalotja in Swaziland.

Botswana. Abundant both around Gaborone and in the Okavango region. In the former, the best count was an impressive 261 on Tsholofelo sewage pools, while nearby Phakalane held 26 and Bokaa Dam another 19. In the Okavango, the best numbers were in the Maun area, where a total of 284 were counted along the River Boteti, 62 along the Thamalakane River and 264 at the Moshu wetlands. In addition, several were seen on various pans at Moremi, as well as at Maun sewage pools, Shakawe and Guma.

Mozambique. Little attention was paid to wetlands, hence the only record was a single on Benguera Island.

Great Crested Grebe

Namibia. Only recorded on the mid-December visit to the coast, when six were seen at Swakopmund saltpans and five in Walvis Bay.

South Africa. The scattering on birds included four at Lambert's Bay, a pair on Clanwilliam Dam, two at Eland's Bay each visit and singles at Kommetjie and Paarl. In addition, two were noted at Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. Not common, the only records being ten at Bokaa and two at Gaborone Dam.

Black-necked Grebe

Namibia. Incredible numbers on the coast - several hundred were in Walvis Bay on 23rd October and approximately 2800 were counted at Swakopmund saltpans on 12th December (this latter date, however, seeing only two at Walvis Bay). In addition, eight were in Radford Bay, Luderitz.

South Africa. On the first visit, other than 150 at Lambert's Bay, the only birds were eight each at Veldriff and De Hoop. On the return journey, a single flock of 680 were counted at Veldriff.

Wandering Albatross

South Africa. Some three to four hours out to sea, close to the continental shelf, a single Wandering Albatross was the star of the pelagic trip off Cape Town. In the wake of a fishing trawler and approaching to within metres, it dwarfed all other birds and gave excellent views as it made several close-range appearances.

Shy Albatross

South Africa. The most abundant of the albatrosses on the pelagic trip, with a total of about 100 seen (most behind the fishing boat).

Black-browed Albatross

South Africa. In offshore waters and around the fishing boat, this was the second-most common of the albatrosses on the pelagic trip. In total, about 20-30 birds, mostly adults, were seen.

Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross

South Africa. With 'Yellow-nosed Albatross' now divided into two species (Indian and Atlantic), it is necessary to see an adult to positively separate the two. Fortunately, in addition to two immatures on the journey out, the pelagic trip was rewarded with fine views of an adult at the fishing boat.

Southern Giant Petrel

South Africa. A total of about 20 were seen on the pelagic trip (about five behind the trawler and the rest at sea en route to or from the continental shelf).

Northern Giant Petrel

South Africa. On the pelagic trip, a single bird was seen and photographed shortly after leaving the trawler. However, with giant petrel identification hinging on the diagnostic bill pattern, it was the case many birds remained too distant for this to be discerned. Thus, in addition to those positively identified on the pelagic trip, several more were also seen, but left to indeterminable status. 

Pintado Petrel

South Africa. One of my target species, about 15 were seen on the sea trip, the majority scavenging behind the fishing boat.

Great-winged Petrel

South Africa. Occurring in larger numbers than expected, about 25 were seen on the pelagic trip. This species rarely follows fishing boats and thus all the birds were singles or pairs encountered on the journey out towards the continental shelf.

White-chinned Petrel

Namibia. From Cape Cross to Luderitz, small numbers were seen at all coastal sites (though the best numbers were at Walvis Bay). Mostly, birds were close inshore and involved in steady southward passage.

South Africa. Only seen on the pelagic trip. White-chinned Petrels were the most common species offshore, occurring in their hundreds both on the journey and around the fishing trawler.

Great Shearwater

South Africa. About ten were seen on the pelagic trip, though none followed the trawler.

Flesh-footed Shearwater

South Africa. Poorly seen, a single bird made a brief appearance at the fishing trawler on the pelagic trip. It then disappeared into the mass of other seabirds and was not relocated.

Sooty Shearwater

South Africa. Common on the pelagic trip. A minimum of 45 were seen, including a flock not far off the Cape of Good Hope.

Manx Shearwater

South Africa. Not a common bird in Cape waters, five seen on the pelagic trip were the only record.

Wilson's Storm Petrel

South Africa. In much lower numbers than expected, only about 15 were seen on the pelagic trip, most of these around the fishing trawler.

White Pelican

Namibia. A common bird of the Namibian coast. Flocks of up to 50 were frequently seen at both Walvis Bay and Swakopmund saltpans, as well as flying between the two. A breeding colony exists on the guano platform north of Walvis Bay.

South Africa. Only recorded on the West Coast, where birds were seen on both visits to Eland's Bay (70 on first, about 35 on the second) and both visits to Veldriff (20 birds and 50 birds).

Botswana. An impressive flock of 192 on the Boteti River was the only record. Rather surprisingly, none were seen in the Okavango Delta itself.

Pink-backed Pelican

South Africa. Only recorded in Kwazulu - at least 30 were noted at the breeding colony at Mkuzi, while two also seen at St Lucia and about 40 at Cape Vidal.

Cape Gannet

Namibia. Commonly seen from any of the coastal sites from Cape Cross to Luderitz.

South Africa. The 30,000 pairs of Cape Gannets packed onto Bird Island at Lambert's Bay was an amazing spectacle, one of the highlights of my trip to the West Coast. A specially constructed hide puts you right into the heart of the colony without any disturbance. In addition, the species is abundant around the Cape of Good Hope and was frequently encountered on the pelagic trip, especially in inshore waters.

Mozambique. One bird recorded - a juvenile off Tofo Beach.

Bank Cormorant

Namibia. Recorded at Luderitz, where a minimum of six were at Diaz Point.

South Africa. On the Cape Peninsula, at least 15 were seen at Kommetjie and a single off Simon's Town.

Cape Cormorant

Namibia. Abundant at the coast. Several thousand pairs were noted breeding on the guano platforms at Walvis Bay and Swakopmund saltpans and numerous pairs also on Halifax Island, Luderitz.

South Africa. About 2500 pairs bred on Bird Island, Lambert's Bay and countless more on the cliffs of the Cape of Good Hope. Additional to these, flocks in excess of 1000 were seen at Veldriff and up to 150 at various other coastal sites.

White-breasted Cormorant

Namibia. The most widespread of the cormorants. In addition to the many birds at the coast, including about 45 pairs at Walvis Bay oyster farm and several hundred breeding on the guano platforms at Walvis Bay and Swakopmund saltpans, the species was also encountered inland. In the Windhoek area, up to 35 were regular at the sewage farm, three at Avis Dam and eight at Daan Viljoen, whilst in the south, four were seen on the Orange River.

South Africa. As well as the many breeding pairs on the cliffs at the Cape of Good Hope and about 30 pairs at Lambert's Bay, the mixed colony of birds at Paarl also included a few pairs of White-breasted Cormorants. In addition, several hundred non-breeders were also seen at Veldriff, a few at Eland's Bay and up to 22 at Clanwilliam. In the eastern part of South Africa, the only record was eight at St Lucia.

Botswana. The stronghold for this species in Botswana is the Gaborone area - here, records included 112 at Phakalane, about 50 on Gaborone Dam, ten at Bokaa and six at Tsholofelo. Elsewhere, the single record was of a lone bird on the Boteti River in the north.

Mozambique. Other than a roost of 65 birds on Benguera Island, all records were of occasional birds in coastal wetlands.

Reed Cormorant

Namibia. Common on the rivers and wetlands of the Caprivi, with the best counts being 20 at Rundu sewage farm, at least 40 on the Zambezi at Katima Mamila and a similar number on the Okavango at both Ngepi and in Mahango. Away from Caprivi, records were limited to eight at Daan Viljoen and up to 12 at Windhoek sewage farm.

South Africa. In Cape Province, in addition to 147 counted on Clanwilliam Dam, many pairs were found breeding at Paarl and smaller numbers also seen at Eland's Bay (up to 40), Jakkalsvlei (4) and Augrabies (2). In the east, a total of just seven were seen in Kruger, 15 at Wakkerstroom, five at Mkuzi and a single at Malalotja in Swaziland.

Botswana. Abundant in the Okavango area. Counts were conducted both along rivers and at roosts. As can be seen in the summary below, the highest totals, both on the river counts and at roost, were on the Rivers Boteti and Thamalakane, rather than in the heart of the delta (i.e. not in protected areas). In addition to birds highlighted below, small numbers were also noted on numerous pans and watercourses throughout the area.

Elsewhere in Botswana, the Gaborone area was also productive - 308 at Gaborone Dam and up to 20 at each Ngotwane, Tsholofelo and Phakalane.

Mozambique. Fairly common in the coastal wetlands, with counts including at least ten at Inhambane, ten at Barra, 30 on Benguera Island and 25 at Rio Savane.

Crowned Cormorant

Namibia. Three birds were on the beach near the Walvis Bay guano platform in October, while the trip to Luderitz produced two at Diaz Point and three at Halifax Point.

South Africa. Around the Cape Peninsula, five were at Kommetjie and six at Boulders Beach, Simon's Town. On the West Coast, the colony at Lambert's Bay held 30-40 pairs and these were easily seen, the birds even nesting on boats in the harbour.

African Darter (Anhinga)

Namibia. Widespread, with singles or pairs at Windhoek sewage farm, Daan Viljoen, the Orange River, Ruacana Falls and Popa Falls. On the Okavango River, ten were seen at Mahango and three at both Rundu and Ngepi.

South Africa. Other than six in Kruger and three at Wakkerstroom, all sightings were in the Cape Province. These included 30 at Eland's Bay, 12 on Clanwilliam Dam and several breeding pairs at Paarl and Ceres.      

Botswana. All records came from either the Gaborone area or, more particularly, the Okavango Delta. Of the Gaborone wetlands, only Phakalane held significant numbers - 55 roosting and several nests occupied. In the Okavango, whilst many birds were encountered on rivers and pans throughout the area (for example, 189 along the Boteti River), the largest concentrations were noted at roost sites. As with Reed Cormorants, roosts in the heart of the delta were relatively small and again the largest counts on the Boteti River south of Maun - this can be seen in the summary below.

Mozambique. Only records were two on Benguera Island and one at Rio Savane.

Greater Frigatebird

Mozambique. The reward of a tropical cyclone battering the coa

stline, large numbers of Greater Frigatebirds were seen for several days. Following three at Tofo Beach on the day of the cyclone, a flock of 14 were circling over the headland the following day and another three the next day. In addition, a single was seen in Inhambane Bay and, a couple of days later, eight offshore at Benguera Island and another between the island and Vilankulo.

Lesser Frigatebird

Mozambique. Much rarer than Greater Frigatebird, the arrival of these birds with the cyclone was a fortunate event indeed. A total of five were seen - one at Tofo (with the flock of 14 Greater Frigatebirds), three at Barra and one off Benguera Island

Goliath Heron

Namibia. All from the far north, the only records in Namibia were two on the Cunene River at Ruacana Falls and three on the Okavango at Mahango.

South Africa. Other than a single bird at Augrabies Falls, all other records were in the east of the country - a total of five scattered through Kruger, one at Milwane (Swaziland) and six on the estuary at St Lucia.

Botswana. With all records in the Okavango area, a total of about 25 birds were seen. The best count was eight along the river at Shakawe, but otherwise occasional birds were seen in all areas, including throughout Moremi as well as on the Boteti River.

Mozambique. One bird was seen in the flooded grasslands at Rio Savane.

Purple Heron

Namibia. Only recorded on the Okavango, where a single was noted at Popa and up to three daily at Ngepi.

South Africa. Not common. In the west, eight were seen in the reedbeds at Eland's Bay and two at Veldriff, whilst in the east, the few records included three in Kruger, one at Wakkerstroom and two at St Lucia.

Botswana. While two were seen at Tsholofelo and at least three at Phakalane, the best numbers were seen in the Okavango Delta. As might be expected for a reed-dweller, of the approximately 70 birds seen in the area, the majority were in the phragmites or extensive papyrus beds of the central and northern parts of the delta. Indeed, only two were seen on the Boteti, whilst 15 were noted at the Xhobega roost in Moremi and 21 along the river at Shakawe.

Mozambique. Two birds were seen, one on Benguera Island and another in the grasslands at Rio Savane.

Grey Heron

Namibia. The Windhoek area was particularly good for this species, with up to 20 at the sewage farm, six at Avis Dam and three at Daan Viljoen. Elsewhere, five were seen at Walvis Bay on both visits, three at Swakopmund and singles at the sewage farms at Rundu and Katima Mamila.

South Africa. In Cape Province, coastal records included two at Veldriff, up to 15 at Eland's Bay on both visits and 15 at De Hoop. Inland, 11 were also noted at Clanwilliam Dam and a single at Augrabies. In the east of the country, a total of seven were seen along the rivers in Kruger, four at Mkuzi and five at St Lucia.

Botswana. Widespread, but not abundant. In the Gaborone area, Grey Herons were recorded at virtually every wetland, though, with the exception of Bokaa Dam (where a total of 31 were logged), counts never exceeded single figures. In the north, the status of Grey Heron was similar - recorded at all sites, though not in great numbers (a total of 45 birds were seen, with about 30 of these being along the Boteti River).

Mozambique. Records consisted of several alongside the Limpopo River (from the roadside), plus five at Barra and six on Benguera Island.

Black-headed Heron

Namibia. As well as singles at Rietfontein and Namutoni waterholes in Etosha, two were at the Orange River and up to six per visit at the Windhoek sewage farm.

South Africa. The scattering of records in South Africa included 11 at Clanwilliam Dam, at least two pairs breeding at Paarl, four at both Wakkerstroom and Cape Vidal, pairs at Eland's Bay and Addo, plus singles at Cape Point and De Hoop. In addition, two birds were seen at both Malalotja and Milwane in Swaziland.

Botswana. Uncommon, but the few records were widely dispersed. Other than 12 at Kgoro Pan in the south-east and four at Ngotwane in Gaborone, records consisted of singles or pairs and originated from the Nossob Valley in the Kalahari, various dams near the capital and just two localities in the Okavango.

Mozambique. In addition to several on the Limpopo River, two were noted in the Rio Savane grasslands.

Black Heron (Black Egret)

Namibia. Adjacent to the Okavango River, in the wet vleis north of Ngepi, two birds were seen on 4th December and a single on the 5th.

Botswana. Though eight were seen at Ngotwane and singles at Tsholofelo and Phakalane, the best numbers were found in the Okavango Delta. In addition to an impressive count of 233 at the Xaxaba roost, other records included 35 along the Boteti River, 11 at Shakawe, scattered individuals throughout Moremi and singles or pairs on the Thamalakane and at the Xakanaxa, Xhobega and Nxaraga Ledibe roosts.

Slaty Egret

Botswana. This speciality of the Okavango Delta was fortunately fairly common, particularly at roosts. Indeed, of the approximately 320 recorded, just over 300 were at roosts (1 at Sitatunga, 29 at Gadikwe, 31 at Xakanaxa, 88 at Xhobega and a minimum of 153 at Xaxaba). Of the birds seen during the day, the best totals were five at both Dombo (Moremi) and Shakawe, whilst elsewhere singles were found along the Maunachira River, on the Thamalakane and occasionally in Moremi.

Little Egret

Namibia. Other than 18 at Walvis Bay and four at Ruacana Falls, all records were of widespread singles or pairs - including at Avis Dam, Swakopmund, Luderitz, the Orange River, Katima Mamila and Ngepi.

South Africa. On the west coast, up to about 30 were at both Eland's Bay and Veldriff on each visit, while 15 were also seen at Clanwilliam Dam and a couple of pairs were found nesting at Paarl. In the east, a total of 11 were noted at Kruger and five at St Lucia.

Botswana. In the Gaborone area, up to 25 were recorded at Ngotwane and Bokaa, 12 at Tsholofelo and smaller numbers at Mogobane, Phakalane and Kgoro. In the Okavango, small numbers were seen at virtually every watercourse, but the best day counts were along the two Maun rivers (129 on the Boteti and 48 on the Thamalakane). At the roosts, Little Egrets were generally not abundant, tending to occur in numbers less than 20 - the two exceptions to this, however, were 118 in the Xaxaba roost and 180 at Guma.

Mozambique. Common in the coastal wetlands, counts included about 80 on Benguera Island (evenly split between the tidal flats and marshes), at least 15 at Barra and about ten at both Inhambane and Rio Savane.

Yellow-billed Egret (Intermediate Egret)

Namibia. Only recorded at Katima Mamila in the Caprivi, where two birds were seen at the sewage farm.

South Africa. In Cape Province, a couple of pairs nested at Paarl and two were found at Eland's Bay. In the east, one was seen in the south of Kruger, at least five at Wakkerstroom and a further single at Cape Vidal.

Botswana. Abundant in the Okavango, where totals almost equalled those of Great White Egrets. Though frequently seen throughout day (for example, 21 along the Boteti, 24 along the Thamalakane, common in Moremi and 12 at Shakawe), the best totals were recorded at roosts. The most significant roosts were found in the heart of the delta, especially in Moremi and along the Boro - see summaries below.

Mozambique. One record, a single in the flooded grassland of the Rio Savane.

Great White Egret

Namibia. Recorded only in the Caprivi, where ten were noted at Mahango, plus singles at Rundu sewage farm, in Caprivi Game Park and at Ngepi.

South Africa. The two records were both in Kwazulu - six at Mkuzi and four at St Lucia.

Botswana. As well as a few in the Gaborone area (five at Ngotwane and three at Tsholofelo and Bokaa), Great White Egrets were frequent throughout the Okavango Delta. As with Yellow-billed Egrets, good numbers were seen throughout the area, including 26 on the Boteti, 24 on the Thamalakane, many in Moremi and 18 at Shakawe. Again, however, best counts were obtained at roosts and this revealed the species to be especially numerous in the Pan Handle (particularly in the Shakawe area). Summaries are shown below.

Mozambique. Records consisted of one on Benguera Island and at least 35 in the Rio Savane grasslands.

Cattle Egret

Namibia. With the exception of about ten resident at Windhoek sewage farm and eight at Ruacana Falls, all records were in Caprivi. Numbers were approximately 160 at Rundu, 20 at Bagani, 60 at Katima Mamila, 50 at Popa Falls and up to 150 in the Ngepi area. 

South Africa. Cattle Egrets were numerous in the farmland areas north of Cape Town, including the Clanwilliam area. In addition, numerous pairs bred at Paarl and several were seen at Eland's Bay and Veldriff. Additionally, about 400 were seen in the Wakkerstroom area and at least 20 at Mkuzi.

Botswana. Common around Gaborone and abundant in the Okavango area. Phakalane, the main roost in Gaborone, supported approximately 1335 Cattle Egrets and, clearly birds from this roost, flocks of up to 150 were seen at many nearby sites during the day. In the Okavango, although frequent in all areas, the greatest numbers were found not in the protected areas of the delta, but rather along the cattle-rich rivers south of Maun. This observation was borne out by roost count data, see tables below, and by the high totals counted along the rivers during the day (670 on the Boteti, 1366 along the Thamalakane).

Mozambique. Not common, recorded only in very small numbers in coastal areas.

Squacco Heron

Namibia. Showing preference for the sewage farms, up to eight were seen per visit at Windhoek, four at Rundu and six at Katima Mamila. Three were also seen on the River Kwando at Kongola. The best count in the country, however, was at Mahango, where a minimum of 40 were seen in the extensive riverine wetlands.

South Africa. The only records in South Africa were in Kruger National Park, where a total of five birds were seen along the northern rivers in the reserve.

Botswana. In addition to 35 birds in the Gaborone area (divided between Ngotwane, Tsholofelo and Phakalane), huge numbers were also seen throughout the Okavango Delta. The highest day counts were along the along the Boteti, Thamalakane and Okavango Rivers, while the greatest counts at roost were in Moremi and, more particularly, along the Boro. This abundance is illustrated in the table below.

Rufous-bellied Heron

Namibia. Another wetland species only seen in Caprivi. Six were at Mahango, three at Rundu sewage farm and two at both Katima Mamila sewage farm and on the seasonal pools at Ngepi.

Botswana. Moderately common throughout the Okavango Delta, with a good scatter of records from all areas visited. In all, over 100 birds were recorded and, of these, approximately half were at roosts (5 at Sitatunga, 2 at Xakanaxa, 6 at Xhobega and 38 at Xaxaba). Birds seen during the day included two on the Boteti, 16 along the Thamalakane, several in Moremi and, all in the Pan Handle, 12 at Shakawe, 11 at Sepupa, one at Guma and nine at Makwena.

Black-crowned Night Heron

Namibia. A healthy colony of at least 35 birds was at Windhoek sewage farm; otherwise all records were from the far north, with 15 at Ruacana Falls, four at Rundu and up to 12 at Ngepi.

South Africa. In addition to singles at Eland's Bay and De Hoop, five were found roosting at Clanwilliam Dam and at least two pairs were breeding at Paarl. In addition, a single was seen at Milwane in Swaziland.

Botswana. As might be expected for this nocturnal species, the vast majority of birds were seen at roost and, with the exception of 16 at Ngotwane Dam, all were in the Okavango Delta. Of the almost 400 birds seen in the delta, most were in fairly small riverside roosts discovered during the day, but the major heronries also tended to hold slightly larger counts, see table below.

White-backed Night Heron

Botswana. One of the 'specials' of the trip - birds were seen at two localities, both in the Pan Handle of the Okavango Delta. At the most famous stake-out for the species, an adult was located at a Shakawe roost during the day, then later two adults and a juvenile were seen flying out at dusk. Quite by chance, a pair were also discovered in riverside trees on the River Taokhe at Guma, these birds giving excellent views.

Green-backed Heron

Namibia. Restricted to the north of Namibia - ten were seen at Ruacana Falls, 14 in the Katima Mamila area and singles at Rundu sewage farm and, on the River Okavango, at Bagani, Popa Falls and Ngepi.

South Africa. Scattered from north to south, a total of seven were seen in Kruger National Park. In addition, one bird was recorded at Milwane in Swaziland.

Botswana. About 120 Green-backed Herons were recorded in the Okavango Delta and other than a handful in the Moremi area, all were either on the rivers south of Maun or in the Pan Handle. Very few were seen at roosts and the best counts were obtained on river transits, including 14 on the Boteti, 34 on the Thamalakane, 16 at Shakawe, nine at Sepupa and 29 at Guma. Away from the Okavango, three were also noted at Ngotwane Dam in Gaborone.

Dwarf Bittern

Namibia. Most easily seen at Windhoek sewage farm, where one or two were flushed from a reeded stream on most visits. In addition, a single was found at Rundu sewage farm.

Botswana. Only two birds recorded - one on the Boteti River and the second on the Kwai River in Moremi.

Little Bittern

Namibia. A single bird was seen flying over the reeds at Rundu sewage farm.

South Africa. One at Eland's Bay was the only record.

Botswana. Recorded only in the Okavango Delta. Excepting one at Third Bridge in Moremi, all other birds were either on the Maun rivers or in the Pan Handle - up to four regularly on the Boteti, three on both the Thamalakane and at Shakawe, plus seven at Guma.

Hamerkop

Namibia. In the Windhoek area, up to three were seen at the sewage farm and a single at Avis Dam on one occasion. In the north, two were at Ruacana Falls, at least 14 in the Katima Mamila area (seven at the sewage farm, the rest along the Zambezi) and up to four at Ngepi.

South Africa. Not common in Cape Province, the only records were of a single at Pakhuis Pass and a pair on the border at the Orange River. In the east, however, they were a little more common and a total of about 12 were seen in Kruger, two at Mkuzi and four at St Lucia.        

Botswana. Most abundant in the Okavango area, where 11 were seen along the Boteti, 14 on the Thamalakane, about 20 scattered through Moremi and, in the Pan Handle, seven at Shakawe and three at Guma. Elsewhere, singles were also noted at Ngotwane Dam and Phakalane.

Mozambique. A total of eight were seen in wetlands in the Inhambane to Barra area.

Abdim's Stork

Namibia. The sole record was of a single by the Okavango River at Bagani.

South Africa. Four birds in the south of Kruger provided for the only sighting in South Africa.

Botswana. Though most records came from the Okavango, the largest counts were actually in the extreme south of the country - at Kgoro Pan, a constant spiral of birds flocking down to roost resulted in an impressive count of 329 (and birds were still arriving). About 20 km north, a further flock of about 50 Abdim's Storks was also seen. In the Okavango Delta, flocks of 65 on the Boteti and 45 over the Sedia Hotel (Maun) were the largest recorded, though there were additionally several records of scattered birds (up to 16) on the Thamalakane, around Moremi and up as far as Shakawe.

White Stork

Namibia. The only record was a single at Mahango.

South Africa. Fairly common in the eastern part of the country - as well as 16 at Wakkerstroom and 14 at the bottom of Sani Pass, many more were seen in the Drakensburg foothills around Underburg, including a single flock of approximately 170 birds. Further west, four were also noted at Addo.

Botswana. White Storks were encountered on five occasions in Botswana. One record was in the south (two birds near Lobatse), while the remainder were all in the Okavango area - flocks of eight, 24 and 52 circling over Moremi and a single on the roadside between Ngami and Shakawe.

Black Stork

Namibia. A single was at Ruacana Falls.

South Africa. Two records - singles on the Doring River in the Karoo and on the vlei at De Hoop.

Marabou Stork

Namibia. Rather surprisingly, this scavenger was not seen at Etosha. Instead, the only records were in the Caprivi Strip and in central Namibia (17 circling above Katima Mamila town and a single near Karibib).

South Africa. Records were restricted to Kruger, where about 20 were seen in the north of the National Park, at least 45 around the Olifants River in the centre and approximately 20 again in the south.

Botswana. Francestown rubbish tip provided the rather less than appealing setting for a flock of over 200 Marabou Storks, the largest concentration recorded on the entire trip. In somewhat more picturesque surrounds, flocks of up to 80 were also seen on various occasions around Moremi, with smaller numbers also occurring on the Boteti (17 birds) and at Sepupa (28). Though the main breeding season had finished, about six pairs at both Xakanaxa and Xhobega still had young in the nest.

Saddle-billed Stork

Namibia. Viewed from the military convoy as we passed through the Caprivi Game Park, the one record was of a pair gracing a roadside pool.

South Africa. Only noted at Kruger, where a total of six were seen in the northern half of the National Park.

Botswana. In addition to about 25 seen during the aerial survey of the Okavango Delta, good numbers were also seen whilst on the ground. In total, 16 were recorded in Moremi, 10 along the Boro, two in the Moshu wetlands (west of Maun) and a single on the Boteti.

Mozambique. One record, a single in the flooded grasslands of the Rio Savane.

Open-billed Stork

Namibia. Common in the eastern half of Caprivi - after four at Katima Mamila sewage farm and a single in nearby woodland, a flock of 70 were then seen circling near the Zambian border. Over the next days, up to 65 were seen daily in the Ngepi area, mostly flocks circling, but also small numbers in the vleis. Three were also noted at Mahango.

South Africa. In eastern areas, seven were seen in the north of Kruger, two in the south and one at Mkuzi.

Botswana. Whilst recorded throughout the Okavango Delta, the greatest numbers were recorded along the Thamalakane. Along this river, a total of 515 were counted along the 38 km from its confluence with the Boteti to its upper reaches. In addition, a flock of 274 were seen heading to roost along its banks near the Sedia Hotel. Elsewhere in the delta, 147 were counted at roost at Shakawe and 40 at Guma, but otherwise all records were of small flocks (up to 12), including on the Boteti, in Moremi and along the Boro.

Mozambique. Open-billed Storks were recorded in three localities - three in the grasslands at Rio Savane and singles at Tofo and on Benguera Island.

Woolly-necked Stork

Namibia. Popa Falls was the locality of the single record in Namibia.

South Africa. Following three in the south of Kruger and one at Mkuzi, a total of 12 were noted on the estuary at St Lucia.

Botswana. Rather surprisingly, the only Woolly-necked Storks recorded were two during the aerial survey of the Okavango and a flock of about 155 at Dombo in Moremi.

Mozambique. One bird was seen in the grasslands at Rio Savane.

Yellow-billed Stork

South Africa. A total of about 25 Yellow-billed Storks were seen in Kruger, 15 of which were on the Olifants River. Elsewhere in the east, a minimum of 40 were noted at Mkuzi and six at St Lucia.

Botswana. Widely recorded in Botswana. Starting in the south, one was seen at Mogobane and 14 at Bokaa, while further north, 15 were also noted at Francestown rubbish tip and, in the Okavango Delta, two on the Boteti, 11 in the Moshu wetlands, 27 in Moremi and a single along the Boro. In addition, many birds were also seen across the Okavango during the aerial survey.

African Spoonbill

Namibia. The only record in Namibia was a single at Avis Dam in December

South Africa. In Cape Province, in addition to several breeding pairs at Paarl, three birds were at Ceres, seven at Clanwilliam and up to five on each visit at both Lambert's Bay and Veldriff. In the east of the country, ten Spoonbills were noted at Mkuzi and singles in northern Kruger and St Lucia.

Botswana. Recorded in both the Gaborone area and the Okavango Delta. Gaborone birds included 41 at Bokaa, 18 at Ngotwane, seven at Kgoro Pan and four at both Mogobane and Tsholofelo. In the Okavango region, the highest totals were recorded in the Maun area and included 76 on the Boteti and 46 in the Moshu wetlands. Away from Maun, the only records were five at the Xakanaxa roost, another five elsewhere in Moremi and two along the Boro.

Hadeda Ibis

Namibia. One record, a single by the Kwando River at Kongola.

South Africa. Fairly common in the southern Cape, with pairs at Pakhuis Pass, Lambert's Bay and in the Constantia greenbelts of Cape Town, plus up to 15 each day in the farmland loops of the Overberg and about ten at Grootvadersbosch. In the east of the country, the birds were even more common and were noted at almost all sites visited. Twelve were recorded at both Wakkerstroom and Malalotja (Swaziland), eight at Mkuzi and numbers up to six at sites including Kruger, Milwane, St Lucia, Cape Vidal, Bonamanzi, Eshowe, Sani Pass and Addo.

Botswana. With records restricted to the Okavango Delta, only 33 birds were seen and two-thirds of these were in the Pan Handle (particularly the Guma area).

Mozambique. Just two records - four at Tofo and two on Benguera Island.

Glossy Ibis

Namibia. Mahango held the only two birds seen in Namibia.

South Africa. On the West Coast, six were seen at Lambert's Bay and four at Eland's Bay.

Botswana. Fairly common in the Okavango Delta, with best numbers seen along the Maun rivers (27 on the Boteti, 24 on the Thamalakane) and at roosts throughout the delta. Data for the roosts is presented below, but it is immediately apparent that the highest concentrations were on Boro and, once again, the Maun rivers.

In addition to those in the Okavango, a handful of birds were also seen in the Gaborone area - six at Ngotwane and singles at Tsholofelo, Kgoro Pan and Bokaa Dam.

Southern Bald Ibis

South Africa. This highland endemic was seen in two areas - around Wakkerstroom (flocks of 35, 20 and six birds) and at Sani Pass (six birds on the plateau in Lesotho, five birds near the bottom of the pass). A few kilometres further into Lesotho, another observer saw a flock of over a hundred Bald Ibises.

Sacred Ibis

Namibia. Scarce in Namibia, the only sightings being up to four on each visit to Windhoek sewage farm.

South Africa. Sacred Ibises were common throughout the farmland of the Overburg and also at Paarl, where several hundred pairs were nesting. Additionally, 15 were at Lambert's Bay, 20 at Clanwilliam and about 40 at Veldriff. Rather less common in the east, with just 30 at Milwane (Swaziland) and ten at Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. Following the pattern of many other waterbirds, Sacred Ibises were recorded in fairly small numbers around Gaborone (23 at Bokaa, 20 at Tsholofelo, four at Ngotwane and three at Phakalane) and rather more abundantly in the Okavango Delta. Small flocks were seen throughout the delta during the day counts, but greater numbers were noted at the roosts - particularly at Xaxaba (62 birds) and Guma (56 birds).

Mozambique. Only noted on Benguera Island, where ten were on the inter-tidal flats and four on a marsh.

Greater Flamingo

Namibia. One of the most important sites for the species in southern Africa, Walvis Bay supported many thousands of birds, both in the bay itself and on the adjacent salt works. Further up the coast, Swakopmund salt works also held about 450 Greater Flamingos. Further south, however, the bays at Luderitz collectively scrapped a bare 30 birds.

South Africa. The coastal wetlands of Veldriff, Lambert's Bay and De Hoop held the greatest number of birds (with up to 700, 90 and 35 respectively at each), while inland Paarl had a single bird.

Botswana. With Makgadikgadi Pans totally dry and thus devoid of birds, the 603 Greater Flamingos at Tsholofelo was the largest count in Botswana. Smaller numbers were also seen at Bokaa Dam (130 birds), Kgoro Pan (one) and on the Boteti River (five).

Mozambique. Healthy counts included at least 45 at Barra and 440 on Benguera Island.

Lesser Flamingo

Namibia. As with its larger cousin, Walvis Bay is internationally important for this bird - several thousand were seen on the lagoon and salt works. Swakopmund salt works also supported approximately 1500 birds.

South Africa. Only noted at Veldriff, where birds were seen on both visits to the salt works - about 35 were present on the first visit and, a year later, at least 120 were counted.

Botswana. All records were in the Gaborone area. In addition to a flock of about 100 flying over Ngotwane, 209 were also counted at Tsholofelo, 33 at Kgoro Pan and 56 at Bokaa Dam.

Mozambique. One record only - three birds on Benguera Island.              

Pygmy Goose

Namibia. The only sightings in Namibia were three at Mahango and a single on a seasonal pool at Ngepi.

Botswana. Very good numbers were seen in the wetlands of the Okavango Delta, particularly in the Maun area. The Thamalakane River topped the list, with 122 counted along its 38 km length. Also noteworthy, 63 were found on the Boteti and 84 in the Moshu wetlands. In Moremi, small numbers of Pygmy Geese could be found on many of the pans and river channels, whilst backwaters in the Pan Handle also supported high densities (the best being 68 on channels in the Shakawe area).

Spur-winged Goose

Namibia. Only seen along the Okavango River - seven at Rundu, five at Popa Falls, up to 11 at Ngepi and about 35 in Mahango.

South Africa. Common in farmland areas north of Cape Town and widespread elsewhere in the southern Cape Province, including up to 40 at Clanwilliam and Eland's Bay, plus counts of up to ten at Pakhuis Pass, Veldriff, Bontebok N.P., Ceres and Paarl.

Botswana. Common in both the Gaborone area and Okavango Delta, typically occurring in flocks of up to 20 or 30 at many sites visited; for example, at Phakalane, at Bokaa Dam, along the two Maun rivers, on pans in Moremi and in flood meadows at Shakawe.

Mozambique. The few visits to wetlands accounts for the fact that only two records were noted - five at Barra and four in the grasslands of Rio Savane.

Egyptian Goose

Namibia. In Namibia, the Windhoek area was the stronghold, with flocks of up to 320 at Avis Dam, 55 at the sewage farm and about 20 at Daan Viljoen. Elsewhere, the only records were pairs on two Etosha waterholes and eight at the Orange River.

South Africa. Very common throughout the southern Cape, with hundreds recorded in the farmlands north of Cape Town and across the Overburg, as well as good numbers at Clanwilliam Dam and on the vleis at Lambert's Bay, De Hoop and Ceres. Less common in the east, where only about 40 were noted in Kruger and six at St Lucia.

Botswana. Fairly common around Gaborone (the best counts being 44 at Tsholofelo and 102 at Bokaa Dam) and also along the Boteti River (52 birds) and in Moremi (up to 30 on many of the pans). Not seen along the Thamalakane River or in the Pan Handle of the Okavango.

South African Shelduck

Namibia. In the Windhoek area, this species was abundant in October, and thereafter declined to become scarce by December. At Avis Dam, the 140 present on 12th October fell to about 30 by the month's end and to just two in December. At the sewage farm, October numbers were about 40, halving in December. Elsewhere, the only record was four at Swakopmund in December.

South Africa. Several hundred birds seen at both Lambert's Bay (first visit only) and Ceres, plus about 40 at Eland's Bay and Clanwilliam. The only other records were six on the Doring River and two at Addo.

Botswana. Just two records, both in the south east of the country - two at Kgoro Pan and six at Bokaa Dam.

Comb Duck (Comb Duck)

Namibia. Only found along the rivers of the Caprivi Strip - four at Popa Falls and up to seven daily in both the Katima Mamila and Ngepi areas.

South Africa. Singles in the south of Kruger and at Mkuzi constituted the only records in South Africa.

Botswana. Though fairly common on many of the pans in Moremi, the best counts in the Okavango area were on the Maun rivers - along the lengths of the two rivers, 24 were counted on the Boteti and 179 on the Thamalakane. Appeared scarce in the Pan Handle of the delta, with two at Guma the only ones sighted. Away from the Okavango, 34 were also noted at Bokaa Dam and two at Lobatse.

White-faced Duck

Namibia. Another species restricted to the Caprivi. A total of 35 were seen at Rundu sewage farm, 18 on the River Zambezi at Katima Mamila and, on the Okavango, about 50 at Mahango and a single at Ngepi.

South Africa. Four birds were seen at Paarl, probably the best locality for this species in the Cape Province. More frequent in the east, seven were noted in Kruger, five at Milwane (Swaziland) and 35 at Bonamanzi.

Botswana. Dwarfing counts at all other sites, an amazing 1705 birds made Bokaa Dam the key site for this species in Botswana (no other site in the Gaborone area held more than 30 birds). In the Okavango, White-faced Ducks were widespread, though not particularly abundant. Other than along the Boteti (102 birds) and the Thamalakane (53), most records were of small scattered flocks throughout the delta, mostly involving single figures.

Mozambique. Only seen on Benguera Island, where a total of 42 were noted (split between two wetlands).

Fulvous Duck

Botswana. After a single bird at Mogobane, the three other records were all in the Okavango - flocks of 24 and 25 on the Thamalakane (possibly relating to the same birds) and a total of 93 on a lagoon near Guma.

White-backed Duck

South Africa. One record - a pair on a dam at Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. As with many other waterbirds, it was the rivers south of Maun that held the greatest numbers of White-backed Ducks - 195 were counted along the Boteti and 61 along the Thamalakane. Other than these, the only records in Botswana were nine in the Moshu wetlands, seven at Tsholofelo and one at Lobatse.

Southern Pochard

Namibia. Up to 15 were at Windhoek sewage farm each visit. Two were also noted at Rundu sewage farm.

South Africa. Totals of about 60 were seen at De Hoop and 15 at Paarl.

Botswana. With 210 birds, Bokaa Dam was the most important site for this species. Records elsewhere included nine at Tsholofelo, singles at Mogobane and Phakalane, 17 on the Boteti and seven at Moshu.

Maccoa Duck

Namibia. Only recorded at Windhoek sewage farm, where one or two were seen each visit.

South Africa. The vlei at Lambert's Bay held about 15 birds (first visit only), while five were also at Paarl.

Botswana. The sole record was one at Tsholofelo.

Yellow-billed Duck

Namibia. The single record in Namibia was a solitary bird at Ngepi.

South Africa. Though not abundant, there was a good scattering of birds across Cape Province - as well as 72 on Clanwilliam Dam, about 20 were also seen at both De Hoop and Paarl and pairs at Pakhuis Pass, Lambert's Bay and Veldriff. In addition, in the east of the country, at least 30 were noted at Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. Widespread and fairly common. In the Gaborone area, the peak counts were about 120 on Bokaa Dam and 40 on Mogobane, while smaller numbers were also seen at Ngotwane, Tsholofelo, Kgoro Pan and Molopo. Further north, in the Okavango Delta, Yellow-billed Ducks were most abundant on the pans of Moremi, though a few were also noted on the Boteti and Thamalakane Rivers.

African Black Duck

South Africa. A total of six birds were seen in South Africa - one at Pakhuis Pass, three on Clanwilliam Dam and two on the stream through Sani Pass.

Botswana. On consecutive days, two birds were seen on the river flowing into Ngotwane Dam in Gaborone.

Cape Shoveler

Namibia. Only one seen, a single at Windhoek sewage farm in October.

South Africa. As well as numerous birds on the vlei at Lambert's Bay, about 25 were also seen at Paarl, 15 at De Hoop and pairs on the Doring River and at Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. Distinctively thin on the ground, the only records were one at Tsholofelo and three on the Boteti.

Garganey

Botswana. Probably an eclipse male, a single on the Boteti River was the fifth record for Botswana.

Cape Teal

Namibia. The first two months in Namibia saw just two records - a pair at Okondeka and a single at Goas (both waterholes in Etosha) - so the appearance of a flock of approx. 1200 at Swakopmund salt works in December was a surprise indeed. Additionally, eight were on the nearby Swakop River at the same time.

South Africa. While common on the vlei at Lambert's Bay on my first trip, much lower water levels on my latter visit resulted in just seven birds present. Elsewhere, up to 20 were seen at Veldriff and five at De Hoop.

Botswana. Following just four records scattered around the country (one at Ngotwane, nine at Bokaa, six at Makgadikgadi and nine on the Boteti), it was perhaps surprising to find a flock of 84 on Maun sewage pools.

Red-billed Teal

Namibia. The most widespread of the ducks in Namibia, though with the exception of over 100 at Windhoek sewage farm and 25 at Avis Dam, counts were generally less than ten. Localities included several Etosha waterholes, Katima Mamila, Ngepi, the Swakop River, the Orange River and Daan Viljoen.

South Africa. Recorded only at Lambert's Bay (common), Clanwilliam (15) and Paarl (a pair).

Botswana. Abundant both around Gaborone and the Okavango Delta. While small flocks were seen on most wetlands in these areas, the highest numbers were found on the Maun rivers - 943 on the Boteti and 365 on the Thamalakane. Very respectable counts were also obtained on several of the Gaborone waterbodies, most especially at Bokaa Dam (401 birds) and Kgoro Pan (99).

Mozambique. The single record was of 25 birds on Benguera Island.

Hottentot Teal

Namibia. Common at the various sewage farms - up to 20 per visit at Windhoek, 50 at Rundu and about 60 at Katima Mamila.

Botswana. In much of the Okavango, Hottentot Teals were the most plentiful of the ducks. This was particularly the case at Maun sewage pools (where 471 were present) and throughout Moremi. On the Maun rivers, though outnumbered by Red-billed Teals, counts were also healthy, with 595 on the Boteti and 79 on the Thamalakane. The Gaborone area, however, held very few birds - the only record being 56 at Tsholofelo.

Secretarybird

Namibia. One of the highlights at Etosha, a pair was found striding the extensive grasslands of Fischer's Pan (near Namutoni).

South Africa. As well as pairs at Wakkerstroom and Addo, single birds were also seen from the roadside north of Calvinia and near Garies, both in the Northern Cape Province.

Botswana. The arid desertscapes of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park supported impressive numbers of Secretarybirds - a total of 22 were seen in the Nossob Valley and seven in Mabuasehube. Elsewhere, the only bird seen was one along the Boro (in the Okavango Delta).

Lammergeier (Bearded Vulture)

South Africa. Soaring along the ridge of the escarpment, a Lammergeier gave fantastic views on the border of South Africa and Lesotho at Sani Pass.

Lappet-faced Vulture

Namibia. At Etosha, three birds were located at a kill near Springbokfontain, whilst away from the National Park, singles were seen at Bagani, Ngepi and Karibib.

South Africa. The few birds seen were all in Kruger National Park - one in central parts of the reserve and a total of four in the south.

Botswana. Though records were dispersed across much of the country, the total number of birds seen was quite low. The best count, made all the more impressive by the presence of almost 200 other vultures, was 37 at Mabuasehube. Elsewhere, a single Lappet-faced Vulture was seen in Moremi and roadside kills attracted one en route to Francestown, six near Nata and a further single not far south of Shakawe.

White-backed Vulture

Namibia. The commonest of the vultures. At Etosha, four were noted near Anderson Gate and singles at Goas and Springbokfontain. Elsewhere, 18 were seen about 10 km south of Etosha, three south of Katima Mamila, two at Ngepi and 12 at Karibib.

South Africa. Only recorded in the major national parks - up to 45 daily at Kruger, at least 20 at Mkuzi and, additionally, several in the South African part of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park.

Botswana. As well as large numbers throughout the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (12 in the Nossob Valley, four in the duneveld and 188 at Mabuasehube), White-backed Vultures were commonly seen throughout Botswana. The highest concentrations were at roadside kills (usually donkeys hit by trucks) - these included 69 near Nata, 42 south of Shakawe and 56 near Makwena. Additionally, a total of 60 were noted across Moremi, about 30 in the vicinity of Francestown and 26 along the Boro. Elsewhere, smaller numbers were also seen at Kgoro Pan, Molopo, the Boteti River and along the entire route from Ngami to Shakawe.

Cape Vulture

South Africa. A visit to the Potburg colony in De Hoop N.P. was rewarded with views of about 12 returning to the nesting cliffs. Other than these, the only birds seen were three in the Transkei.

Botswana. One of only two colonies in Botswana, at least 100 Cape Vultures were seen on and around the cliffs at Otse, just south of Gaborone.

White-headed Vulture

Namibia. The only record in Namibia was a single descending to a kill at Springbokfontain in Etosha.

South Africa. In Kruger, a total of four birds were seen, two in central areas and two in the south.

Botswana. Four birds were seen at Mabuasehube, while the same number were also recorded in central areas of the Okavango Delta (one in Moremi and three along the Boro).

Hooded Vulture

Namibia. Waiting for scraps from a butcher's stall, two birds were seen 20 km south of Katima Mamila.

South Africa. Fourteen Hooded Vultures were seen in Kruger, all in the southern half of the National Park.

Botswana. All sightings were in the Okavango Delta - a total of eight in Moremi and three along the Boro.

Yellow-billed Kite

Namibia. Although only recorded in the extreme north of Namibia, Yellow-billed Kites were very common there, especially in the Caprivi Strip. While less than ten were seen in the Ondangwa to Ruacana Falls area, literally hundreds were found in Caprivi. The best totals included a minimum of 60 daily at Rundu, a similar number at Bagani, about 150 at Katima Mamila and up to 220 per day at Ngepi.

South Africa. To the north and east of Cape Town, several birds were seen near Citrusdal and Clanwilliam, up to 15 at various points along the West Coast (including Lambert's Bay, Eland's Bay, Veldriff and the West Coast N.P.), as well as a single at Sir Lowry's Pass and two near De Hoop. In the east of South Africa, about 20 were also scattered across Kruger, two at Mkuzi, ten in the St Lucia to Cape Vidal area and up to five at each Bonamanzi, Sani Pass and Addo.

Botswana. With the exception of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (where only a single was seen), Yellow-billed Kites were common across much of the country, including the Gaborone area and the Okavango Delta. Example counts included 20 at Bokaa Dam, 98 in Moremi and 23 along the Boro.

Mozambique. Moderately common in coastal areas of southern Mozambique from the Maputo area north to the Inhambane peninsula. In addition, two were noted near Inchope.

Black Kite

Namibia. Though many were undoubtedly missed amongst the numerous Yellow-billed Kites in the Caprivi, the only definite record of this European migrant was of two near Divundu.

South Africa. Two birds identified, both in the northern half of Kruger.

Botswana. Roosting with Yellow-billed Kites, two juveniles were noted on the Boteti.

Black-shouldered Kite

Namibia. Common and widespread. At Etosha, particularly at the Namutoni end, up to ten were seen daily. Elsewhere, singles or pairs were seen across much of the country, including at Windhoek International Airport, Windhoek sewage farm, Avis Dam, Sossusvlei, the Orange River, Mahango and Katima Mamila.

South Africa. In South Africa, Black-shouldered Kites were most abundant in the Western Cape - up to 15 were noted at both Eland's Bay and Lambert's Bay, while smaller numbers were also seen at Veldriff, the West Coast N.P. and along the Doring River. Elsewhere in the country, three were recorded at both Kruger and Malalotja (Swaziland), two at Wakkerstroom and Addo, plus singles at Augrabies and Sani Pass.      

Mozambique. Several birds were seen in the south of Mozambique and one at Gorongosa Mountain.

European Honey Buzzard

Namibia. A scarce visitor to Namibia, the record of a single at Rundu was noteworthy.

African Fish Eagle

Namibia. Tied to its riverine habitat, all records were from the far north of Namibia - two adults and an immature at Ruacana Falls, an adult on the River Zambezi at Katima Mamila, another at the Kwando River at Kongola and, finally, two adults on the Okavango River at Ngepi and eight at Mahango.

South Africa. In Cape Province, the only birds seen were a single adult at Eland's Bay and a pair with juvenile on Clanwilliam Dam. In the east, they were rather more common and a total of nine were noted in Kruger, six at St Lucia, four at Cape Vidal and two at Bonamanzi.

Mozambique. One record only, an adult alongside the Rio Savane.

Brown Snake Eagle

Namibia. One bird was recorded in Mahango.

South Africa. The lion's share of South African birds were in Kruger - one or two birds seen daily and the records spanned the entire length of the National Park. Additionally, two were noted along the road between St Lucia and Cape Vidal.

Botswana. A scattering of birds was seen across the length of the country, with singles in the Nossob Valley and near Nata, a total of five in Moremi, three along the Boro and two en route from Ngami to Shakawe.

Black-chested Snake Eagle (Black-breasted Snake Eagle)

Namibia. A total of nine birds were seen - three in the Ngepi area, two near Okaukuejo at Etosha and singles at Solitaire, near Rundu, at Bagani and in Daan Viljoen N.P.

South Africa. From opposite sides of the country, the two records were of singles near the Doring River and in the north of Kruger National Park.

Botswana. Moderately common and widespread. A total of seven were seen in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (five in the Nossob Valley, singles in the duneveld and at Mabuasehube) and 14 in the Okavango Delta (five in Moremi, three along the Boro, two at Guma and singles on the Thamalakane and near Shakawe). Away from these two localities, the only records were single birds at Phakalane and Tali Pan.

Mozambique. Recorded in two areas - one on Benguera Island and two in the Rio Savane grasslands.

Western Banded Snake Eagle

Botswana. One of the highlights of the Okavango Delta, a single adult Western Banded Snake Eagle was seen on the forest edge at Shakawe. This is the most reliable site in the country for this rare and localised species and the bird was seen in both the morning and afternoon, having barely moved trees.

Bateleur

Namibia. Seen both at Etosha and in the Caprivi. At Etosha, the only sightings consisted of singles at Okerfontain and on Eland Drive, whilst the Caprivi birds included one 45 km east of Rundu, one at Katima Mamila, five together 20 km south of the town, a single at the Kwando River and, finally, up to six daily in the Ngepi area and three at Mahango.

South Africa. In addition to birds seen in the Southern African portion of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, a total of 28 were noted in Kruger, as well as four at Mkuzi and two at Bonamanzi.

Botswana. The greatest concentrations of Bateleurs occurred in the Okavango area - here, a total of 61 were noted in Moremi, 17 along the Boro, five towards Shakawe and one over Maun. Away from the Delta, other than a single over Bokaa Dam, all other birds were in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park and included 14 in the Nossob Valley, seven in the duneveld and five at Mabuasehube.

Mozambique. Three over the grasslands at Rio Savane were the only birds in Mozambique.

Wahlberg's Eagle

Namibia. Possibly overlooked to a certain extent, the only birds noted were four about 20 km south of Katima Mamila and singles in Mahango and near Okaukuejo in Etosha.

South Africa. Including one pale-form bird, a total of five were seen in Kruger (two in the north, one in the centre, a pair in the south). Other than these, the only birds recorded were three at Mkuzi.

Mozambique. A single bird just south of Inchope was the sole record in Mozambique.

Lesser Spotted Eagle

Namibia. As is typical for this European migrant, the only records were in the eastern Caprivi. One bird was seen at Bagani and two at Katima Mamila.

Botswana. Most in a single flock along the Kwai River, a total of ten were noted in Moremi, while a single was also seen over the Boteti River.

Tawny Eagle

Namibia. The scattering of records comprised of two en route to Sossusvlei, one at Kalkheuwel in Etosha and two near Otjiwarongo.

South Africa. As well as a number of birds in the South African part of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, at least eight birds were seen scattered across Kruger National Park, as well as two at Mkuzi and a single in the lower parts of Sani Pass.

Botswana. Fairly common in the major conservation areas - in Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, nine were noted in the Nossob Valley and two at Mabuasehube, while in the Okavango Delta, 17 were counted across Moremi, two on the Boro and a total of 11 along the road between Ngami and Shakawe. Away from these areas, the only record was a single near Francestown.

Steppe Eagle

Namibia. This Eurasian migrant was only seen in late November at Katima Mamila (two birds) and in mid-December at Avis Dam (one bird).

South Africa. One positive identification only - a single bird in the north of Kruger.

Botswana. One bird was noted in Moremi, possibly others were overlooked as 'dark Tawny Eagles'.

Martial Eagle

Namibia. Widely dispersed, the few records consisted of a pair in the Karasburg Mountains, two immatures at Daan Viljoen and singles at Etosha and Ruacana Falls.

South Africa. In addition to birds on the South African side of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, singles were also logged in Kruger, Mkuzi and at Cape Vidal.

Botswana. Seven birds were noted - three in the Nossob Valley, singles at Mabuasehube and in Moremi and a pair along the road between Ngami and Shakawe.

African Crowned Eagle

South Africa. Another of the top birds of the trip, a pair of these powerful raptors gave excellent views at Bonamanzi.

Verreaux's Eagle (Black Eagle)

Namibia. Only recorded at the Orange River, a pair circling above the border with South Africa.

South Africa. Fairly common, especially in Cape Province. Pairs were seen on Table Mountain, Clanwilliam Dam, Pakhuis Pass, the Doring River, Augrabies and the Karoo National Park (two pairs), singles were also noted at Sir Lowry's Pass, Hermanus, Eierkop, Bain's Kloof and Sani Pass.

Botswana. In the south-east of the country, a pair were seen at Otse and a pair and immature at Kgoro Pan.

Long-crested Eagle

South Africa. Common in Kwazulu-Natal. Birds were seen at St Lucia, Cape Vidal (four birds), Bonamanzi, Raffia Palms (two birds), Eshowe and at the bottom of Sani Pass.

Botswana. Considered rare in the Okavango Delta, it was perhaps surprising that four birds were seen in the area - two along the Maunachira River, one on Mboma Island and another in riverine woodland near Guma.

Mozambique. One bird was seen near the base of Gorongosa Mountain.

Ayres' Hawk Eagle

South Africa. Unusually far south, a single bird gave excellent views just outside Underburg in the foothills of the Drakensburg Mountains (near Sani Pass).

Mozambique. At Gorongosa Mountain, a sub-adult and a juvenile were seen on subsequent days.

African Hawk Eagle

Namibia. A pair and nest was found near Halali Camp in Etosha. Additionally, one was seen 20 km south of Katima Mamila and two at Daan Viljoen.

South Africa. Two pairs were noted, both in Kruger - one pair in the extreme north, the other in the south.

Botswana. Though only seen in Moremi, they were reasonably common there, with a total of five recorded.

Booted Eagle

Namibia. Two records: a single near Windhoek and another at Ngepi.

South Africa. All in the Western Cape, total records consisted of three together at Bain's Kloof, two near the Doring River and singles at Pakhuis Pass and Eland's Bay.

Mozambique. Two singles were seen, both at Gorongosa Mountain.

Augur Buzzard

Namibia. The only two sightings were singles near Ondangwa and at Daan Viljoen.

Jackal Buzzard

South Africa. Reasonably common in the west, decidedly less so in the east. The bulk of birds were seen in Cape Province - a pair and immature at Pakhuis Pass, four at the Doring River, three in the Karoo National Park, pairs at Springbok, Calvinia, Addo and Swartberg Pass, plus singles at Eland's Bay and Brandvlei. In the east, the only record was of two pairs and an immature at Malalotja (Swaziland). Beware of Jackal Buzzards in the Springbok area - it is seemingly common, as was the case in both birds that I saw, that they show white throats and breasts, thus appearing similar to Augur Buzzards.

Forest Buzzard

South Africa. A very localised species in the Cape, the one record was of a single at Grootvadersbosch, a reliable locality for Forest Buzzards

Steppe Buzzard

Namibia. Common in the northern parts of Namibia. Singles or pairs were recorded in Etosha, Otjiwarongo, Ondangwa, Grootfontain, Bagani, Katima Mamila, Popa Falls and Mahango, while up to four daily were at Rundu and six daily at Ngepi. In addition, away from the north, a single was seen at Windhoek sewage farm.

South Africa. In Cape Province, Steppe Buzzards were most common in the farmland areas of the Overburg and across the West Coast - at least seven were seen in the former area, while up to five were at Lambert's Bay, Eland's Bay, Clanwilliam and in the West Coast N.P. In other areas, six were noted at Addo and singles or pairs on Table Mountain, Sir Lowry's Pass, Pakhuis Pass, Bain's Kloof, De Hoop and the Karoo National Park. Less frequent in the east, total records involved one at Milwane (Swaziland), three at Wakkerstroom, two at Mkuzi, seven in the St Lucia to Cape Vidal area and three at Sani Pass.

Botswana. Common and widespread. As well as one in Mabuasehube and several in the Gaborone area, good numbers were seen in the north - one near Nata, three along the Thamalakane, nine in Moremi, five on the Boro, four between Ngami and Shakawe and three at Tali Pan.

Long-legged Buzzard

South Africa. A vagrant to South Africa, a single bird considered to be a Long-legged Buzzard had spent several weeks in the Wakkerstroom area and was relocated on the day of my visit. Though not seen very well, the large size, combined with longer wings, pale head and rufous tail augured well for the species.

Lizard Buzzard

Namibia. A pair of these attractive birds were seen in mopane woodland 20 km south of Katima Mamila.

Mozambique. One bird was seen at Gorongosa Mountain.

Ovambo Sparrowhawk

Namibia. Three records: a pair in Namutoni Camp at Etosha, one 45 km east of Rundu and another 20 km south of Katima Mamila.

Gabar Goshawk

Namibia. As well as normal colour-phase individuals at Otjiwarongo and Katima Mamila, a melanistic bird was seen at Windhoek sewage farm.

South Africa. Only noted in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park.

Botswana. A total of eight birds were found across the country - pairs at Mabuasehube and Shakawe, plus singles in the Nossob Valley, at Kweta and along the Boteti and Boro.

Shikra (Little Banded Goshawk)

Namibia. A pair were seen in the Ngepi area on one occasion.

South Africa. Two single birds were noted in Kruger, one in the centre and another in the far south.

Botswana. All in the north, singles were seen at Nata, in the Moshu wetlands, in Moremi and at Shakawe.

Little Sparrowhawk

Namibia. Only one record, a single at Chudop waterhole in Etosha.

Botswana. The Maun area provided the only sightings of Little Sparrowhawk in Botswana on this trip - one along the Thamalakane River near Sitatunga and a pair in the campsite at Island Safari.

African Goshawk

Namibia. One bird was seen at Katima Mamila.

South Africa. A single in the Constantia greenbelts of Cape Town was the only sighting in Cape Province, while individuals at Cape Vidal, Bonamanzi and Raffia Palms were the records in the east.

Mozambique. One bird was seen just south of Inchope.

Red-chested Sparrowhawk (Red-breasted Sparrowhawk)

South Africa. A male was seen in the botanical gardens at Kirstenbosch, while three were also noted at Malalotja (Swaziland).

Pale Chanting Goshawk

Namibia. Very common at Etosha, where up to 20 were seen daily at the Okaukuejo end of the park, declining eastward to about ten daily around Namutoni. Away from Etosha, other than about eight in the Sossusvlei area, records were generally of singles or pair and these included birds at Keetmanshoop, Aus, Karasburg and Karibib.

South Africa. A bird of arid country, a total of eleven were seen driving through Bushmanland (Calvinia to Uppington), eight around the Doring River, pairs at Eierkop and Lambert's Bay, plus singles at Springbok, Augrabies, Addo and the Karoo National Park. Considerable numbers were also seen in the South African half of the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park

Botswana. Though singles were also seen on the Boteti, near Ngami and at Tali Pan, it was in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park that the greatest number of Pale Chanting Goshawks were seen - 48 were counted in the Nossob Valley, 24 in the duneveld and 19 at Mabuasehube.

Dark Chanting Goshawk

Namibia. Another species largely restricted to the Caprivi Strip, the two records being a single at Rundu and a pair about 45 km east of Rundu.

Botswana. Driving along the road between Ngami and Shakawe, single birds were seen in both directions (though at different localities, thus probably different birds).

Mozambique. One bird near Inchope was the only record in Mozambique.

African Marsh Harrier

Namibia. A single at Katima Mamila sewage farm and two in Mahango were the only records in Namibia.

South Africa. Two were seen in agricultural areas adjacent to the river at Eland's Bay, while a single was also seen quartering over the saltmarsh at Veldriff.

Botswana. Seen throughout the Okavango Delta, but most common in the Pan Handle (six were seen in Moremi and one along the Boro against 12 at Shakawe, three at Sepupa and one at Makwena).

Mozambique. In riverine areas, one was seen alongside the Limpopo and four at Rio Savane.

Black Harrier

South Africa. After a distant sighting near Springbok, two Black Harriers gave fabulous views as they quartered the fynbos at Bontebok National Park. Later, immatures were also seen Eland's Bay, Pakhuis Pass and in Karoo National Park.

Pallid Harrier

Namibia. Two positive identifications only - a sub-adult male at Ngami and a female at Tali Pan. A distant bird at Nata (Makgadikgadi Pans) was also probably of this species.

Montagu's Harrier

Namibia. Both in Caprivi, an immature was seen north of Katima Mamila and a male at the Kwando River.

South Africa. A female was noted at Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. With males outnumbering females, a total of 19 Montagu's Harriers were seen throughout the country - three females at Mabuasehube, six males and a female in the Nata area, three females in Moremi and five males and a female at Ngami.

African Harrier-Hawk (Gymnogene)

Namibia. The highlight of a roadside stop 45 km east of Rundu, a single Harrier-Hawk was seen flying over.

South Africa. The only record was as single at Mkuzi.

Botswana. A good series of records, with individuals seen on nine occasions - at Ngotwane Dam, Nata, the Boteti River and the Thamalakane River (birds seen twice at both), the Boro, Shakawe and Guma.

Osprey

Namibia. An unexpected addition to the list of raptors in Namibia, one was seen at Avis Dam in December.

Mozambique. Both in coastal waters, one was seen off Benguera Island and another at Rio Savane.

Bat Hawk

Namibia. This raptor is not only rare, but also largely crepuscular or nocturnal, thus is often missed. My first record was from the campsite at Katima Mamila, a single bird hunting in the twilight over the River Zambezi. This was then followed by excellent views of an early morning bird near the Okavango at Ngepi.

Lanner Falcon

Namibia. Single birds were recorded on four occasions - an immature at Solitaire, adults twice near Okaukuejo in Etosha and an adult in the Caprivi Game Park.

South Africa. Other than in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (where common), the only birds were singles near the Doring River and at Sani Pass.

Botswana. Impressive numbers in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (29 in the Nossob Valley, three in the duneveld and a single at Mabuasehube). Elsewhere, one was noted at Phakalane, four near Nata, two on the Boteti River and singles at Ngami and Tali Pan.

Peregrine Falcon

Namibia. In addition to birds at Rietfontain in Etosha, Ruacana Falls and Katima Mamila, an adult of the migratory Siberian race was seen at Swakopmund sewage farm.

South Africa. On the Cape Peninsula, pairs were seen at the Cape of Good Hope on all visits and on the cliffs above Simon's Town twice. Additionally, two were seen at Pakhuis Pass and a single at Augrabies.

Botswana. With Peregrine considered rare in Botswana, the sighting of one at Bokaa Dam was noteworthy.

Red-necked Falcon

Namibia. A typical record, my only sighting was an adult at Springbokfontain in Etosha.

Botswana. After unsatisfactory views of one in the Nossob Valley, better views were then obtained of singles at Mabuasehube and Ngami, followed by a pair at Shakawe.

Mozambique. One bird was seen on Benguera Island.

European Hobby

Namibia. All records were in the Caprivi Strip, with a single at Rundu, another at Katima Mamila, a pair about 20 km south of Katima Mamila and singles on two days at Ngepi.

South Africa. The four birds seen in Kruger (scattered from north to south) represented the entirety of records in South Africa.

Botswana. Two were noted, both in the Okavango area - one along the Boteti and another in Moremi.

African Hobby

Namibia. The sole record was of two about 45 km east of Rundu.

Pygmy Falcon

Namibia. A good scattering of records across the country for this tiny falcon - in the south, a female near Keetmanshoop; in the west, a male near Sossusvlei; at Etosha, a female at Okaukuejo; and in the north, a male near Otjiwarongo.

South Africa. Only recorded in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park.

Botswana. A total of four birds were seen in the Nossob Valley (Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park).

Amur Falcon (Eastern Red-footed Falcon)

South Africa. Common in eastern parts of the country. Heading the list of localities, at least 200 Amur Falcons were seen throughout the Wakkerstroom region, with flocks congregating on almost every electricity line in the area. Elsewhere, about 50 were noted in the Drakensburg foothills between Sani Pass and Underburg, almost 40 in the north of Kruger and, in Swaziland, three at Malalotja and four at Milwane.

Botswana. After a single at Kgoro Pan, five were also found in the Okavango Delta (three on the Boteti and two along the Boro).

Mozambique. Hawking at a termite emergence, a flock of about 15 were encountered in Gorongosa Town.

(Western) Red-footed Falcon

Namibia. An influx saw a single arrive at Ngepi on 4th December, followed by 28 together the next day, roosting on sandbanks in the river. By the afternoon, however, most had moved on and only a single remained until the third day.

Botswana. At the heart of the Okavango, a flock of 19 Red-footed Falcons were seen in Moremi and four along the Boro. A single was also noted at Shakawe.

Dickinson's Kestrel

Namibia. Very much a northern speciality, the two records were at Rundu and near the Kwando River.

Botswana. Almost missed, the single Dickinson's Kestrel in Botswana was sitting inconspicuously at the top of a palm tree along the Boro.

Mozambique. In central Mozambique, a single bird was seen just south of Inchope.

Rock Kestrel

Namibia. Widespread in hilly terrain, with singles throughout the Naukluft Mountains, at the Orange River, Spitskoppe, Aus, Daan Viljoen and regularly at Avis Dam.

South Africa. The most commonly seen raptor in Cape Province - about 10 were seen in the Eland's Bay area, up to five daily at Lambert's Bay, Clanwilliam and Pakhuis Pass and singles or pairs at almost every other locality visited, including the Cape of Good Hope, Table Mountain, Sir Lowry's Pass, De Hoop, Bontebok N.P., Eierkop and Springbok. Eastward, birds were seen at both Karoo N.P. and Addo, but not further east. None were seen in either Kruger or Kwazulu-Natal.

Botswana. All in the south, ten were noted in Mabuasehube and singles at Kgoro Pan and Kgale Hill.

Greater Kestrel

Namibia. Fairly common at Etosha, where four to five were seen daily in the central and eastern parts, while and up to ten per day could be found around Okaukuejo. Elsewhere, about four were in the Sossusvlei area and a pair near Keetmanshoop.

South Africa. Other than in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, only two single birds noted - both in the Karoo, the first was on the hill at Eierkop and the second near the Doring River.

Botswana. With a total of 20 recorded (11 in the Nossob Valley, one in the duneveld and eight at Mabuasehube), the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park was the best locality in Botswana for this species. Elsewhere, eight were encountered in the Nata area and a single in Moremi.

Lesser Kestrel

South Africa. Amongst the many Amur Falcons at Wakkerstroom, two Lesser Kestrels were also located.

Botswana. The open plains at Ngami held a flock of seven birds.

Swainson's Spurfowl (Swainson's Francolin)

Namibia. Recorded three times on my travels through Namibia: four birds on the hillock at Halali Camp (Etosha), two at Rundu and two in Mahango.

South Africa. In the east, small numbers were seen daily at Kruger (generally one or two pairs a day, but more common in the northern half of the national park). Additionally, 12 were seen at Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. Three pairs were seen, all in the north - in the grasslands of the Makgadikgadi Pan at Nata, along the Boro and on the Ngami-Shakawe road.

Red-necked Spurfowl (Red-necked Francolin)

Namibia. Abundant at Rundu, at least 25 seen.

Red-billed Francolin

Namibia. Common at Avis Dam (up to eight per visit), Halali and Namutoni Camps in Etosha (up to 30) and, along the Okavango, at both Ngepi (about six) and Mahango (many). Also heard at Daan Viljoen.

Botswana. Abundant throughout the Okavango Delta, with many birds seen daily. Away from the Okavango, the only three seen were in Mabuasehube.

Cape Francolin

South Africa. This francolin was commonly recorded in the southern half of Cape Province, with a single at Katbakkies, a pair at Kransvlei Poort and flocks of up to 20 widely in the south, including at Clanwilliam, Pakhuis Pass, Lambert's Bay, the West Coast N.P., Kirstenbosch and De Hoop.

Natal Francolin

South Africa. With up to 30 or more per day, this was the most abundant francolin throughout Kruger National Park. It was not, however, seen elsewhere.

Botswana. Two records only - a single at Lobatse and four in the Marang campsite in Francestown.

Orange River Francolin

Namibia. Supposedly possible at Avis Dam, but my only record was a single on the edge of agricultural scrub not far from Popa Falls.

Grey-wing Francolin

South Africa. The highlight of my visit to the West Coast National Park, a pair were seen by the roadside on the approach to Seeburg lookout.

Red-winged Francolin

South Africa. At the very bottom end of Sani Pass, a covey of five Red-winged Francolins were encountered just off the road, feeding in short grass on the boulder strewn hillside.

Crested Francolin

South Africa. As with Natal Francolin, this bird was seen only in Kruger National Park. Within the reserve, however, it was seen on just three occasions - a pair in the north, a pair in the south and a group of six also in the south.

Botswana. One record, a pair in mopane woodland just north-east of Maun.

Mozambique. The only francolin on my trip to Mozambique, a pair was seen near Tofo Beach.

Harlequin Quail

Namibia. Two birds were flushed in the riverside meadows at Ngepi.

South Africa. A typical record, a single male was flushed from the roadside in the north of Kruger.

Common Quail

South Africa. The only records were several calling and one flushed at Wakkerstroom, two calling and one flushed at Malalotja (Swaziland) and a single calling in the farmland loops of the Overburg.

Botswana. One bird was seen at Mabuasehube.

Small Buttonquail (Kurrichane Buttonquail)

Botswana. Along the Boro, having been surprised by our land rover, one of these normally elusive birds briefly froze on the track, giving very close views, before then scurrying off into the long grass. Nearby another was flushed, giving typical flight views. 

Black-rumped Buttonquail

South Africa. Not recorded in South Africa itself, but in Swaziland - a single bird was flushed on the hillside between the cabins and campsite at Malalotja.

Helmeted Guineafowl

Namibia. Although common at Avis Dam and Daan Viljoen (up to nine and 35 respectively), it is at Etosha that the species is truly abundant. Occurring throughout the park, the largest single flocks were of about 250 at Olifantsbad, 80 at Rietfontain and at least 120 Kalkheuwel.

South Africa. In Cape Province, several were seen at Kirstenbosch, plus four at Addo and flocks of about 25 at both at Cape Point and in the Overburg farmland. In the east, a mere four birds were recorded in the whole of Kruger, while elsewhere five were at Wakkerstroom and eight at Milwane (Swaziland).

Crested Guineafowl

South Africa. All in Kwazulu-Natal, total sightings consisted of seven at Mkuzi, five on two occasions at Cape Vidal and 12 at Bonamanzi (a flock of five and a flock of seven).

African Rail

Botswana. Only recorded in the Okavango Delta, where three were seen in Moremi (including one running around the campsite at Xakanaxa) and further birds were heard calling at Shakawe.

Corncrake

Botswana. This species is almost unknown in Botswana, though the few previous sightings probably belie its true status, reflecting rather more its secretive nature. On this trip, however, not only was one flushed from the grasslands at Makwena, but also what was undoubtedly a second bird was heard calling nearby. It is interesting to note that although there are less than ten previous records in Botswana, one was at exactly the same spot some years earlier, suggesting this may indeed be a regular site for this migrant.

Spotted Crake

Botswana. A vagrant to Botswana, the finding of a single at Xobe on the Boteti River caused something of a twitch amongst Maun birders (fortunately, though not always obliging, the bird remained faithful to its patch of marsh for at least a week). Quite expectedly, a second bird was then found on a small roadside pool near the entrance to Moremi.

Baillon's Crake

Namibia. The single record was a bird flushed at Katima Mamila sewage farm.

African Crake

Botswana. One record only, a single seen along the Boro (without doubt many more went unseen throughout the Okavango).

Black Crake

Namibia. After two at Namutoni Camp in Etosha, the rest were in Caprivi: two daily at Rundu, three at Katima Mamila sewage farm and up to four per day at Ngepi.

South Africa. Only a few birds were seen in South Africa - up to five daily on a small marsh at Pakhuis Pass, one in the north of Kruger National Park and two at Addo.

Botswana. Moderately common in both the Gaborone area and Okavango Delta. Best numbers in Gaborone were 12 at Ngotwane Dam, four at Phakalane and three at Tsholofelo, while counts in the Delta included 12 along the Boteti, ten at Guma, eight at Shakawe and two along the Maunachira (Moremi).

African Purple Swamphen (Purple Gallinule)

Namibia. The best place for this bird was Windhoek sewage farm, where up to ten were seen on each visit. The only other record was a single at the mouth of the Swakop River.

South Africa. Single birds were noted at Paarl and Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. Rather unexpectedly, a total of ten were seen in the Gaborone area (eight at Ngotwane and two at Phakalane) against just a single in the Okavango Delta (in Moremi).

Allen's Gallinule (Lesser Gallinule)

Botswana. On the outer edges of the Okavango Delta, a total of four Allen's Gallinules were logged along the Boteti River and six on a quiet backwater at Shakawe.

Common Moorhen

Namibia. Fairly commonly seen at all the sewage farms - up to 35 at Windhoek, 20 at Rundu and 15 at Katima Mamila. In addition, a single was seen at Namutoni in Etosha, 12 at Daan Viljoen and ten at the mouth of the Swakop River.

South Africa. About ten were at Paarl, two at Lambert's Bat and singles at Eland's Bay and Wakkerstroom.

Botswana. Although not abundant in the Okavango Delta (just four birds recorded along the Boteti, six at Shakawe and one at Guma), many were seen in the Gaborone area. With 85 birds, the top site was Phakalane, though smaller numbers also recorded at nearby Tsholofelo (19 birds) and Ngotwane (five).

Lesser Moorhen

Namibia. An adult was at Rundu sewage farm, one of the best localities for the species in Namibia.

Botswana. Very much a speciality of the Maun area, seen only along the Boteti (17 birds), the Thamalakane (three) and in the Moshu wetlands (one).

Red-knobbed Coot

Namibia. Most abundant at Windhoek sewage farm, where over 150 were present. Elsewhere, about 25 were at Daan Viljoen, 15 at the Swakop River and a couple at Avis Dam and Katima Mamila sewage farm.

South Africa. The greatest concentrations were at De Hoop and Ceres, both sites supporting several hundred birds. Smaller counts included 40 at Lambert's Bay and Paarl, 30 at Clanwilliam and ten at Eland's Bay.

Botswana. Particularly common on the wetlands in the Gaborone area - counts included 690 on Bokaa Dam, 145 at Phakalane, 63 at Tsholofelo and 25 at Mogobane. In the Okavango Delta, the only birds seen were 126 along the Boteti River and 13 in the Moshu wetlands.

Red-chested Flufftail

South Africa. Typical for the species, recorded by voice only - one to two birds calling daily on a small marsh at Pakhuis Pass. 

Grey Crowned Crane

South Africa. Displaying and apparently roosting, five birds were seen near the hides on the marsh at Wakkerstroom (a reliable site for the species).

Wattled Crane

Namibia. At the easiest locality for the species in Namibia, a pair and immature were seen in the riverine swamps at Mahango.

Botswana. In addition to about 60 counted during an aerial survey of the Okavango Delta, a total of 52 were also noted whilst travelling around the Delta. Of these latter birds, two pairs were along the Boteti, ten were in Moremi (two pairs, plus two pairs with juveniles) and 38 along the Boro (a flock of 27 at Nxaraga Ledibe, then scattered birds elsewhere).

Mozambique. Supporting a significant population, the flooded grasslands south of Rio Savane are probably one of the most important sites for this species in Mozambique. From the access track across the grasslands, a total of fifteen birds were seen (six on one day, nine the next).

Blue Crane

Namibia. Though essentially endemic to South Africa, a small isolated population survives at Etosha. The best place to see the birds is on the Andoni Plains - 11 were around the waterhole at the northern edge of the plain on my visit, with an additional five birds at the waterhole at Namutoni Camp.

South Africa. With the population expanding, Blue Cranes are becoming ever easier to see, particularly in the Overburg agricultural areas. On the gravel roads from Bredasdorp to De Hoop, thereafter north to Malgas and onward towards Swellendam, a total of 138 Blue Cranes were counted, including one flock of 46.

Elsewhere, they were decidedly scarcer - in the west, the only birds were seven south of Citrusdal, two near Eland's Bay and one near Calvinia, while eastward, there were just two at Addo and five in the Wakkerstroom area.

Kori Bustard

Namibia. Very common at Etosha - recorded throughout the national park, up to 15 birds were seen daily.    

South Africa. Recorded only in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park.

Botswana. With 32 seen in the Nossob Valley, four in the duneveld and 18 at Mabuasehube, the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park was easily the best site in the country for this impressive bird. Elsewhere, the only record was of five on the pan at Ngami.

Denham's Bustard (Stanley's Bustard)

South Africa. A speciality of the Overburg. With the males displaying, their white throats puffed out, these were surprisingly easy to find - four in farmland areas, a single in the fynbos of De Hoop and another in Bontebok National Park. Further east, a loose flock of 11 birds were also noted in a grassy meadow at Addo.

Ludwig's Bustard

Namibia. At least nine were seen both days at Sossusvlei and an additional bird was seen from the road not far from the South African border at Nadok.

South Africa. As well as one in Namibia, a single was also seen on the South African side of the border at Nadok. Further records involved one just north of Springbok and three in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park.

Botswana. Rare in Botswana, only possible in western parts of the Kalahari. Three birds were seen along the border in the Nossob Valley (Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park) - a pair and a single - and all three were seen in both South Africa and Botswana.

Black-bellied Bustard (Black-bellied Korhaan)

South Africa. A single male was noted in the south of Kruger.

Botswana. Preferring extensive grasslands, three Black-bellied Bustards were seen in the Okavango Delta - a male in Moremi (Mboma Island) and females along the Boro and at Makwena.

Rüppell's Korhaan

Namibia. The Sossusvlei area was best for this species - not only were a minimum of seven seen between the camp and dunes, but also six on the road towards Solitaire. Further south, there was a female near Aus.

Karoo Korhaan

Namibia. Only occurring in the south of Namibia, the sole record was of calling birds at Grunau.

South Africa. After excellent views of three at Eierkop, a further bird was seen at Brandvlei.              

Blue Korhaan

South Africa. A Wakkers